Amines, N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-(C16-18 and C18-unsatd. alkyl)trimethylenedi-

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From December 05, 2006 to February 23, 2007

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine

EC Number:

219-145-8

EC Name:

N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine

Cas Number:

2372-82-9

Molecular formula:

C18H41N3

IUPAC Name:

N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine

Test material form:

other: liquid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine
- Physical state: Clear liquid
- Analytical purity: 88.7%
- Lot/batch No.: DEG4916115
- Storage condition of test material: under nitrogen, ambient in darkness

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test substrate

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

TEST SOIL:
- The soil used was sandy loam, batch numbers GSB 06002 for the range finder and GSB 0603 for the limit study.
- The carbon content, pH and particle size of the soil were analysed and it was sieved prior to use to remove all particles >2 mm.

TREATMENTS:
- Prior to treatment with the test substance/control, the moisture content of the soil was determined.
- Initially a 30 % solution of the test substance was prepared by dissolving 33 g test substance to a final volume of 110 mL in reverse osmosis (RO) water at 50°C.
- The application solutions were then prepared by adding either 31.57 (for cabbage and wheat ) or 45.1 g (for mung bean) of the 30 % solution to a final volume of 840 or 1,200 mL RO water respectively.
- The solutions were then thoroughly mixed into the moist soil by hand for the treatment and controls to produce a soil structure suitable for sowing.

Test organisms

1

Species:

Brassica oleracea var. capitata

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

The seeds were purchased from commercial suppliers. They were stored dry in glass bottles and kept in darkenss prior to the start of the study. Germination trials indicated that seed viability was >80% for all species. Mean weight/seed was also determined.

2

Species:

other: Mung bean (Vigna radiata)

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

3

Species:

Triticum aestivum

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Study design

Test type:

seedling emergence toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

other: sandy loam

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test conditions

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (type, material, size): Each pot was filled to a depth of approx. 75 mm, the seeds were spaced out on the soil surface and approx. 5 mm of treated soil was added to cover the seeds.
- A total of 14 replicates, each containing three seeds were used for cabbage and wheat and a total of 20 replicates of two seeds for mung bean.
- All pots were situated under lights (scheduled to give 16 h of continuous light per day) in suitable environmentally controlled rooms.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- Each pot was inspected daily and the number of emerged plants was recorded together with any herbicidal symptoms. Emergence was defined as an plant material observed above the soil surface.
- After 50% emergence in the control was achieved, assessment of plant appearance continued at least every 3-4 d until the plants were harvested (i.e., after 20-21 d). Then the wet weight was then recorded followed by drying of the plants at approx. 70°C and measurement of the dry weight.
- A visual assessment based on the overall condition of surviving seedlings for each replicate was conducted at the end of the study and at regular intervals throughout. This assessment was conducted using a uniform scoring system based on plant size and vigour where 0 indicated no abnormal effects and 10 for all plants within a replicate being dead.

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: Yes; water control

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Limit test at 1,000 m a.i./kg dry soil
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 mg a.i./kg dry soil
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Key result

Species:

other: all species

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 2

Key result

Species:

other: all species

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Details on results:

RANGE-FINDING:
- The EC50 values were >1,000 mg a.i./kg dry soil for germination, survival, wet weight and dry weights of all the three tested plant species.

DEFINITIE STUDY:
- Effect on germination: Germination was recorded daily. No significant effects were observed in any of the test species at 1,000 mg a.i./kg dry soil compared against the water control.
- Effect on plant survival: No significant effects were observed in any of the test species at 1,000 mg a.i./kg dry soil compared against the water control.
- Effect on plant growth and health: At harvest, measurement of the percentage reduction in wet and dry weight (at approx. 70°C) for each surviving seedling for each replicate pot was conducted. The percentage reduction of wet weight were 3, 12, 0.302 respectively for cabbage, mung bean and wheatand the corresponding percentage reduction in dry weight were 0, 5 and 0.
- A visual assessment based on the overall condition of surviving seedlings for each replicate was conducted at the end of the study and at regular intervals throughout. This assessment was conducted using a uniform scoring system based on plant size and vigour where 0 indicated no abnormal effects and 10 for all plants within a replicate being dead. No significant visual effects were recorded.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Comparison of the geometric mean wet and dry weights with the controls were made using the t-test.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Validation criteria:

- The  requirement for control seedling emergence of a minimum of 80% was achieved for all species, with mean control emergences of 90.5, 82.5 and 92.9% being recorded for cabbage, mung bean and wheat respectively.

- No visible treatment related effects were observed in the water controls.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Under the study conditions, there were no significant effects of the test substance on the germination, survival or plant growth of three tested plants. Hence, the EC50 value was therefore estimated to be >1,000 mg a.i./kg dry soil and the NOEC was 1,000 mg a.i./kg dry soil for all tested plant species.

Executive summary:

A terrestrial toxicity study was conducted to determine the effect of the test substance on seedling emergence and growth of three terrestrial plants (i.e. cabbage (Brassica oleracea var.capitata), mung bean (Vigna radiata) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)) according to the OECD Guideline 208, in compliance with GLP. Although this study is specific to a part of the plants life-cycle and does not cover chronic effects or effects on reproduction, it is assumed to cover a sensitive stage in the life-cycle of a plant and therefore data obtained from this study have been used as estimates of chronic toxicity. For each species, groups of 40 or 42 seeds (20 replicate pots of two seeds or 14 replicate pots of three seeds) were sown into a sandy soil treated with the test substance. A water control was also included. The treatment level for the definitive (limit) study was 1000 mg a.i./kg dry soil. This was based on the results of preliminary range-finding study conducted at 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg a.i./kg dry soil. Each plant species was sown into treated soil and monitored for 20-21 d following germination. The parameters included number of seedlings emerged, survival, sub-lethal effects and wet/dry weights. The test substance showed neither any significant effect on germination or seedling survival nor any visual effects at any treatment rate on any of the tested plant species. There was also no statistically significant reduction in wet or dry weight for any of the tested plant species. Under the study conditions, there were no significant effects of the test substance on the germination, survival or plant growth of three tested plants. Hence, the EC50 value was therefore estimated to be >1000 mg a.i./kg dry soil and the NOEC was 1000 mg a.i./kg dry soil for all tested plant species (Gray, 2007).