imidacloprid (ISO); 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylidenamine

Explosiveness

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

explosive properties of explosives

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

27 Apr - 14 Jun 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Part I: Classification procedures, test methods and criteria relating to explosives of Class 1

Version / remarks:

Class 1 Test series 1 / 2, Test 1(b) / 2(b): Koenen Test
Class 1 Test series 1 / 2, Test 1(c) / 2(c): Time Pressure Test
Class 4, division 4.1: Test series F, Test F.3: Trauzl Test

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Test Guideline 113 (1981) Screening Test for Thermal Stability and Stability in Air

GLP compliance:

yes

Parameter:

other: thermal stability - DSC

Remarks on result:

other: -1850 J/g: exothermic effect observed in the temperature range of 220 - 480 °C

Test series:

UN Test series 1

Method:

UN Test 1 (b): Koenen test

Parameter:

limiting diameter (mm)

Remarks:

to be interpreted "less than..."

Value:

1

Result:

result is considered "-" (negative)

Remarks:

Test 1(b) and Test 2(b)

Test series:

UN Test series 1

Method:

UN Test 1 (c) (i): Time/pressure test

Parameter:

other: not specified

Result:

result is considered "-" (negative)

Remarks:

Test 1(c) and 2(c)

Remarks on result:

p = 2070 kPa: no

Test series:

other: Class 4, division 4.1: Test series F

Method:

other: Test F.3: Trauzl Test

Parameter:

other: not specified

Result:

result is considered "-" (negative)

Remarks:

Test 1(a) and 2(a)

Remarks on result:

other: no remarks

The DSC-measurements in the closed crucibles showed a decomposition of the test item with a decomposition energy of -1850 J/g, meaning the decomposition energy was above the threshold of -500 J/g to exclude explosive properties.
Due to the fact that the decomposition energy was above the threshold of -500 J/g the Koenen and the Time-Pressure test had to be performed. Due to the fact that the decomposition energy was above the threshold of -800 J/g also the Trauzl test had to be performed.

DSC:

Sample weight: 9.65 mg

Endothermic effect (melting): started at 130 °C, +100 J/g

Exothermic effect: started at 220 °C, -1850 J/g

Results of the Koenen Test (1.00 mm diameter orifice plate):

Sample weight (g)	Reaction time t1 (s)	Reaction time t2 (s)	Reaction time t3 (s)	Reaction	Appearance of tube
23.62	20	123	> 300	t1: sparks, t2: flame and sparks	unchanged
23.00	25	125	> 300	t1: sparks, t2: flame and sparks	unchanged
23.05	22	118	> 300	t1: sparks, t2: flame and sparks	unchanged

t1: time to first reaction: sparks with emission of dust

t2: time to second reaction: flame and sparks

t3: time to main reaction: no reaction

No explosion, thus negative.

Time-Pressure Test results:

	Test 1	Test 2	Test 3	Tolerance
Time [s] at 690 kPa	Not reached	Not reached	Not reached	Minimum	Maximum
Time [s] at 2070 kPa	Not reached	Not reached	Not reached	-30%	+30%
Time for pressure rise [s]	-/-	-/-	-/-	-/-	-/-

Due to the fact that the test item did not reach a pressure of 2070 kPa, the UN-Transport Regulation Test 1(c) and 2(c) deemed to be negative.

Trauzl test:

Two tests with a test item mass of approx. 4.5 g were carried out. The highest volume of the enlarged cavity was 4.0 mL. Normalization to 10 g of the test item, resulted in an expansion of 8.9 mL per 10 g, therefore the UN-Transport Regulation Test F.3 resulted to be "No". Based on this the UN-Transport Regulation Test 1(a) and 2(a) deemed to be negative.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Reference 2

Endpoint:

explosive properties of explosives

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

25 Aug - 15 Sep 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.14 (Explosive properties)

GLP compliance:

yes

Method:

UN Test 1 (b): Koenen test

Parameter:

limiting diameter (mm)

Remarks:

< 2

Result:

result is considered "-" (negative)

Method:

other: BAM drop-weight test

Parameter:

limiting impact energy (J)

Remarks:

> 40

Result:

result is considered "-" (negative)

Remarks:

6 attempts, mass: 10 kg, drop height: 40 cm

Remarks on result:

other: no optical change in product apparent

Method:

UN Test 3 (b) (i): BAM friction apparatus

Parameter:

limiting load (N)

Remarks:

> 360

Result:

result is considered "-" (negative)

Remarks:

Six times negative, sensitivity > 360 N

Koenen Test: total reaction time > 300 s, reaction initiation 20 - 24 s (nozzle diameter 2); 19 - 20 s (nozzle diameter 6), in all 6 attempts result: no fragments, cartridge unchanged

BAM drop-weight test: six times negative, sensitivity > 40 Nm

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Description of key information

No explosive properties of the substance as shown in the test on explosive properties according to UN Transport Regulation, Test series 1 and 2, and Trauzl test.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Explosiveness:

non explosive

Additional information

In the DSC-measurement (OECD 113) the energy of the exothermic decomposition of the test item was above the threshold of -500 J/g. Therefore, further tests for explosive properties had to be performed. Due to the fact that the decomposition energy was above the threshold of -500 J/g the Koenen and the Time-Pressure test had to be performed. Due to the fact that the decomposition energy was above the threshold of -800 J/g also the Trauzl test had to be performed.

As a result, in the test on explosive properties according to UN Transport Regulation, Test series 1 and 2, and Trauzl test, the test item showed no explosive properties

In an earlier experiment, explosiveness of the substance was investigated in accordance with the EU Guideline A.14. The series of tests (Koenen test, BAM drop-weight test, BAM friction mill test) revealed no explosive properties.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The available data on explosivity of the test substance do not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 and are therefore conclusive but not sufficient for classification: The substance is not explosive according to the

UN Transport Regulation, Test series 1 and 2, and Trauzl test.