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EC number: 482-280-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
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Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
In a Reverse Mutation Assay ‘Ames Test’ using strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli (OECD TG 471), the test item 3-methyl-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)methyl oxetane did not induce an increase in the frequency of revertant colonies at any of the dose levels used either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix).
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 22 March 2018 - 06 April 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9-mix
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- In the first experiment, the maximum concentration was 5000 µg/plate (the OECD TG 471 maximum recommended dose level). Eight concentrations of the test item (1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate) were assayed in triplicate against each tester strain, using the direct plate incorporation method.
In the second pre-incubation experiment, the dose range used for Experiment 2 was determined by the results of Experiment 1 and was 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate. Six test item concentrations per bacterial strain were selected in Experiment 2 in order to achieve both four non toxic dose levels and the potential toxicity of the test item following the change in test methodology from plate incorporation to pre-incubation. - Vehicle / solvent:
- Dimethyl sulphoxide - The test item was immiscible in sterile distilled water at 50 mg/mL but was fully miscible in dimethyl sulphoxide at the same concentration in solubility checks performed in house. Dimethyl sulphoxide was therefore selected as the vehicle.
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Dimethyl sulfoxide
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- 9-aminoacridine
- N-ethyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- EXPERIMENT 1 (PLATE INCORPORATION METHOD)
METHOD OF APPLICATION: An aliquot (0.1 mL) of the appropriate concentration of test item, solvent vehicle or positive control was added together with 0.1 mL of the bacterial strain culture, 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer and 2 mL of molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media. These were then mixed and overlayed onto a Vogel Bonner agar plate. If metabolic activation was required, then 0.5 mL of S9-mix was added to the molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media instead of the phosphate buffer.
DURATION
- Preincubation period: Not applicable
- Exposure duration: 48 hours at 37 ± 3 °C
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: Triplicate
ANALYSIS: The plates were viewed microscopically for evidence of thinning (toxicity).
EXPERIMENT 2 (WITH PRE-INCUBATION)
METHOD OF APPLICATION:A 0.1 mL aliquot of the appropriate bacterial strain culture, 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer and 0.1 mL of the appropriate concentration of test item formulation, solvent vehicle or 0.1 mL of appropriate positive control were incubated at 37 ± 3 °C for 20 minutes (with shaking) prior to addition of 2 mL of molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media and subsequent plating onto Vogel Bonner plates. Negative (untreated) controls were also performed on the same day as the mutation test employing the plate incorporation method. If metabolic activation was required, then 0.5 mL of S9-mix was added to the molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media instead of the phosphate buffer.
DURATION
- Preincubation period:
37 ± 3 °C for 20 minutes (with shaking)
- Exposure duration:
48 hours at 37 ± 3 °C
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: Triplicate
ANALYSIS: All plates were scored for the presence of revertant colonies using an automated colony counting system. The plates were viewed microscopically for evidence of thinning (toxicity). - Evaluation criteria:
- There are several criteria for determining a positive result. Any, one, or all of the following can be used to determine the overall result of the study:
1. A dose-related increase in mutant frequency over the dose range tested (De Serres and Shelby, 1979).
2. A reproducible increase at one or more concentrations.
3. Biological relevance against in-house historical control ranges.
4. A fold increase greater than two times the concurrent solvent control for TA100, TA98 and WP2uvrA or a three-fold increase for TA1535 and TA1537 (especially if accompanied by an out of historical range response (Cariello and Piegorsch, 1996)).
5. Statistical analysis of data as determined by UKEMS (Mahon et al., 1989).
A test item will be considered non-mutagenic (negative) in the test system if the above criteria are not met.
Although most experiments will give clear positive or negative results, in some instances the data generated will prohibit making a definite judgment about test item activity. Results of this type will be reported as equivocal. - Statistics:
- Statistical significance was confirmed by using Dunnetts Regression Analysis (* = p < 0.05) for those values that indicate statistically significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies compared to the concurrent solvent control.
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- The data obtained for the negative controls were considered acceptable. The vehicle (dimethyl sulphoxide) control plates gave counts of revertant colonies within the normal range. All of the positive control chemicals used in the test induced marked increases in the frequency of revertant colonies, both with and without metabolic activation. Thus, the sensitivity of the assay and the efficacy of the S9-mix were validated.
Experiment 1: There was no visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn at any dose level, either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation (S9-mix) even at the maximum dose level of 5000 µg/plate.
There were no significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test item, either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix).
Experiment 2: Results from Experiment 2 showed that the test item induced a toxic response employing the pre-incubation modification to Salmonella strains TA100 and TA1535 with weakened bacterial background lawns noted in both the absence and presence of S9 mix at 5000 µg/plate. No toxicity was noted to Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA or Salmonella strains TA98 and TA1537 at any test item dose level in either the absence or presence of S9 mix. The sensitivity of the bacterial tester strains to the toxicity of the test item varied slightly between strain type, exposures with or without S9-mix and experimental methodology.
There were no significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test item, either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix). - Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this test 3-methyl-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)methyl oxetane was concluded as non-mutagenic.
- Executive summary:
In a Reverse Mutation Assay ‘Ames Test’ using strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli (OECD TG 471), the test item 3-methyl-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)methyl oxetane did not induce an increase in the frequency of revertant colonies at any of the dose levels used either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix). Under the conditions of this test, 3-methyl-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)methyl oxetane was concluded as non-mutagenic.
Reference
Table 1 Spontaneous Mutation Rates (Concurrent Negative Controls)
Experiment 1
Number of revertants (mean number of colonies per plate) |
|||||||||
Base-pair substitution type |
Frameshift type |
||||||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
|||||
146 |
|
19 |
|
45 |
|
21 |
|
9 |
|
144 |
(142) |
13 |
(16) |
30 |
(34) |
21 |
(22) |
10 |
(11) |
136 |
|
17 |
|
28 |
|
25 |
|
15 |
|
Experiment 2
Number of revertants (mean number of colonies per plate) |
|||||||||
Base-pair substitution type |
Frameshift type |
||||||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
|||||
165 |
|
10 |
|
31 |
|
22 |
|
11 |
|
149 |
(158) |
11 |
(11) |
26 |
(26) |
19 |
(22) |
14 |
(10) |
159 |
|
12 |
|
21 |
|
26 |
|
6 |
|
Table 2 Test Results: Experiment 1 – Without Metabolic Activation(Plate Incorporation)
Test Period |
From: 23 March 2018 |
To: 26 March 2018 |
||||||||||
S9-Mix (-) |
Dose Level Per Plate |
Number of revertants (mean) +/- SD |
||||||||||
Base-pair substitution strains |
Frameshift strains |
|||||||||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
||||||||
Solvent Control (DMSO) |
152 132 146 |
(143) 10.3# |
23 10 13 |
(15) 6.8 |
33 30 23 |
(29) 5.1 |
14 23 19 |
(19) 4.5 |
15 16 9 |
(13) 3.8 |
||
1.5 µg |
131 139 139 |
(136) 4.6 |
14 15 17 |
(15) 1.5 |
32 26 33 |
(30) 3.8 |
18 26 26 |
(23) 4.6 |
7 10 13 |
(10) 3.0 |
||
5 µg |
137 126 148 |
(137) 11.0 |
16 10 12 |
(13) 3.1 |
27 25 31 |
(28) 3.1 |
19 19 17 |
(18) 1.2 |
7 8 11 |
(9) 2.1 |
||
15 µg |
139 126 135 |
(133) 6.7 |
14 14 8 |
(12) 3.5 |
37 29 37 |
(34) 4.6 |
17 13 14 |
(15) 2.1 |
8 7 15 |
(10) 4.4 |
||
50 µg |
127 150 120 |
(132) 15.7 |
14 7 12 |
(11) 3.6 |
29 33 29 |
(30) 2.3 |
14 16 16 |
(15) 1.2 |
9 11 11 |
(10) 1.2 |
||
150 µg |
153 138 129 |
(140) 12.1 |
11 13 13 |
(12) 1.2 |
33 34 34 |
(34) 0.6 |
21 19 23 |
(21) 2.0 |
8 15 7 |
(10) 4.4 |
||
500 µg |
125 127 140 |
(131) 8.1 |
18 21 15 |
(18) 3.0 |
21 36 24 |
(27) 7.9 |
22 23 16 |
(20) 3.8 |
10 7 13 |
(10) 3.0 |
||
1500 µg |
134 145 147 |
(142) 7.0 |
19 21 15 |
(18) 3.1 |
26 32 29 |
(29) 3.0 |
18 22 16 |
(19) 3.1 |
5 8 13 |
(9) 4.0 |
||
5000 µg |
146 117 147 |
(137) 17.0 |
26 23 16 |
(22) 5.1 |
30 26 22 |
(26) 4.0 |
17 16 18 |
(17) 1.0 |
16 11 16 |
(14) 2.9 |
||
Positive controls S9-Mix (-) |
Name Dose Level No. of Revertants |
ENNG |
ENNG |
ENNG |
4NQO |
9AA |
||||||
3 µg |
5 µg |
2 µg |
0.2 µg |
80 µg |
||||||||
681 768 764 |
(738) 49.1 |
674 728 740 |
(714) 35.2 |
820 794 705 |
(773) 60.3 |
287 340 333 |
(320) 28.8 |
472 338 566 |
(459) 114.6 |
|||
Table 3 Test Results: Experiment 1 – With Metabolic Activation (Plate Incorporation)
Test Period |
From: 23 March 2018 |
To: 26 March 2018 |
||||||||||
S9-Mix (+) |
Dose Level Per Plate |
Number of revertants (mean) +/- SD |
||||||||||
Base-pair substitution strains |
Frameshift strains |
|||||||||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
||||||||
Solvent Control (DMSO) |
123 133 138 |
(131) 7.6# |
19 8 13 |
(13) 5.5 |
41 38 36 |
(38) 2.5 |
18 29 24 |
(24) 5.5 |
11 10 14 |
(12) 2.1 |
||
1.5 µg |
132 132 142 |
(135) 5.8 |
15 7 9 |
(10) 4.2 |
42 28 37 |
(36) 7.1 |
30 26 18 |
(25) 6.1 |
16 5 12 |
(11) 5.6 |
||
5 µg |
120 127 128 |
(125) 4.4 |
11 9 7 |
(9) 2.0 |
32 40 43 |
(38) 5.7 |
31 28 28 |
(29) 1.7 |
11 6 4 |
(7) 3.6 |
||
15 µg |
140 133 124 |
(132) 8.0 |
16 10 20 |
(15) 5.0 |
36 37 20 |
(31) 9.5 |
34 14 30 |
(26) 10.6 |
6 12 7 |
(8) 3.2 |
||
50 µg |
136 139 157 |
(144) 11.4 |
7 7 10 |
(8) 1.7 |
31 33 42 |
(35) 5.9 |
21 18 21 |
(20) 1.7 |
10 8 11 |
(10) 1.5 |
||
150 µg |
125 129 123 |
(126) 3.1 |
13 17 8 |
(13) 4.5 |
35 31 37 |
(34) 3.1 |
30 30 12 |
(24) 10.4 |
11 15 12 |
(13) 2.1 |
||
500 µg |
135 154 134 |
(141) 11.3 |
11 8 13 |
(11) 2.5 |
44 37 49 |
(43) 6.0 |
13 25 27 |
(22) 7.6 |
5 17 6 |
(9) 6.7 |
||
1500 µg |
140 142 147 |
(143) 3.6 |
14 10 12 |
(12) 2.0 |
49 53 39 |
(47) 7.2 |
32 20 26 |
(26) 6.0 |
12 12 13 |
(12) 0.6 |
||
5000 µg |
152 122 156 |
(143) 18.6 |
18 8 14 |
(13) 5.0 |
33 28 44 |
(35) 8.2 |
25 26 24 |
(25) 1.0 |
12 8 7 |
(9) 2.6 |
||
Positive controls S9 -Mix (+) |
Name Dose Level No. of Revertants |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
BP |
2AA |
||||||
1 µg |
2 µg |
10 µg |
5 µg |
2 µg |
||||||||
3315 2885 2890 |
(3030) 246.8 |
440 379 398 |
(406) 31.2 |
327 408 357 |
(364) 41.0 |
200 232 285 |
(239) 42.9 |
485 479 495 |
(486) 8.1 |
Table 4 Test Results: Experiment 2 – Without Metabolic Activation (Pre-Incubation)
Test Period |
From: 03 April 2018 |
To: 06 April 2018 |
||||||||||
S9-Mix (-) |
Dose Level Per Plate |
Number of revertants (mean) +/- SD |
||||||||||
Base-pair substitution strains |
Frameshift strains |
|||||||||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
||||||||
Solvent Control (DMSO) |
160 135 118 |
(138) 21.1# |
17 10 19 |
(15) 4.7 |
26 23 39 |
(29) 8.5 |
16 21 21 |
(19) 2.9 |
14 10 9 |
(11) 2.6 |
||
15 µg |
149 141 146 |
(145) 4.0 |
19 12 3 |
(11) 8.0 |
23 16 29 |
(23) 6.5 |
19 16 18 |
(18) 1.5 |
5 9 12 |
(9) 3.5 |
||
50 µg |
137 144 128 |
(136) 8.0 |
13 12 22 |
(16) 5.5 |
21 28 13 |
(21) 7.5 |
23 16 22 |
(20) 3.8 |
11 7 9 |
(9) 2.0 |
||
150 µg |
139 132 145 |
(139) 6.5 |
12 9 11 |
(11) 1.5 |
27 22 22 |
(24) 2.9 |
23 21 21 |
(22) 1.2 |
8 13 4 |
(8) 4.5 |
||
500 µg |
156 153 149 |
(153) 3.5 |
11 9 16 |
(12) 3.6 |
22 20 23 |
(22) 1.5 |
14 23 19 |
(19) 4.5 |
7 10 7 |
(8) 1.7 |
||
1500 µg |
142 138 125 |
(135) 8.9 |
14 17 12 |
(14) 2.5 |
27 33 26 |
(29) 3.8 |
18 25 16 |
(20) 4.7 |
16 7 15 |
(13) 4.9 |
||
5000 µg |
106 S 121 S 116 S |
(114) 7.6 |
8 S 8 S 9 S |
(8) 0.6 |
27 28 27 |
(27) 0.6 |
24 26 23 |
(24) 1.5 |
13 14 12 |
(13) 1.0 |
||
Positive controls S9-Mix (-) |
Name Dose Level No. of Revertants |
ENNG |
ENNG |
ENNG |
4NQO |
9AA |
||||||
3 µg |
5 µg |
2 µg |
0.2 µg |
80 µg |
||||||||
547 529 1380 |
(819) 486.2 |
382 485 883 |
(583) 264.6 |
865 641 759 |
(755) 112.1 |
389 361 375 |
(375) 14.0 |
807 353 315 |
(492) 273.7 |
|||
Table 5 Test Results: Experiment 2 – With Metabolic Activation (Pre-Incubation)
Test Period |
From: 03 April 2018 |
To: 06 April 2018 |
||||||||||
S9-Mix (+) |
Dose Level Per Plate |
Number of revertants (mean) +/- SD |
||||||||||
Base-pair substitution strains |
Frameshift strains |
|||||||||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
||||||||
Solvent Control (DMSO) |
141 122 135 |
(133) 9.7# |
18 12 12 |
(14) 3.5 |
41 25 38 |
(35) 8.5 |
39 30 31 |
(33) 4.9 |
8 16 13 |
(12) 4.0 |
||
15 µg |
146 134 160 |
(147) 13.0 |
18 15 10 |
(14) 4.0 |
39 31 34 |
(35) 4.0 |
25 28 24 |
(26) 2.1 |
14 15 10 |
(13) 2.6 |
||
50 µg |
142 153 167 |
(154) 12.5 |
7 14 8 |
(10) 3.8 |
40 48 39 |
(42) 4.9 |
24 28 25 |
(26) 2.1 |
11 9 11 |
(10) 1.2 |
||
150 µg |
169 145 149 |
(154) 12.9 |
15 13 10 |
(13) 2.5 |
32 38 36 |
(35) 3.1 |
31 19 28 |
(26) 6.2 |
10 12 15 |
(12) 2.5 |
||
500 µg |
178 134 155 |
(156) 22.0 |
20 8 3 |
(10) 8.7 |
39 39 28 |
(35) 6.4 |
17 22 29 |
(23) 6.0 |
17 12 12 |
(14) 2.9 |
||
1500 µg |
151 145 147 |
(148) 3.1 |
11 17 14 |
(14) 3.0 |
27 28 27 |
(27) 0.6 |
23 24 19 |
(22) 2.6 |
10 6 12 |
(9) 3.1 |
||
5000 µg |
109 S 117 S 106 S |
(111) 5.7 |
13 S 6 S 12 S |
(10) 3.8 |
29 28 32 |
(30) 2.1 |
19 18 31 |
(23) 7.2 |
9 12 15 |
(12) 3.0 |
||
Positive controls S9-Mix (+) |
Name Dose Level No. of Revertants |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
BP |
2AA |
||||||
1 µg |
2 µg |
10 µg |
5 µg |
2 µg |
||||||||
1080 1800 2105 |
(1662) 526.3 |
297 319 350 |
(322) 26.6 |
164 155 181 |
(167) 13.2 |
120 148 140 |
(136) 14.4 |
368 330 372 |
(357) 23.2 |
|||
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Genetic toxicity in vivo
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
3-methyl-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)methyl oxetane did not induce an increase in the frequency of revertant colonies at any of the dose levels used either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix). Under the conditions of this test, 3-methyl-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)methyl oxetane was concluded as non-mutagenic.
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