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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Reference
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
07 March 2018 - 04 April 2018
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Inoculum or test system:
sewage, predominantly domestic (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Domestic sewage was collected from the final effluent stage of the Severn Trent Water Plc sewage treatment plant at Loughborough.
The sample of effluent was filtered through coarse filter paper and maintained on aeration in a temperature controlled room at 21± 1 °C prior to use.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
DOC
Remarks:
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) analysis was performed to confirm that the aniline and test item stock solutions were prepared correctly.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
The following test preparations were prepared and inoculated;
(i) 3 replicate bottles containing innoculated mineral medium to act as the inoculum control.
(ii) 2 replicate bottles containing inoculated mineral medium and the reference item, aniline at a concentration of 100 mg/L
(iii) 3 replicate bottles in inoculated mineral medium and the test item at a concentration of 100 mg/L
(iv) 2 replicate bottles containing inoculated mineral medium plus the reference item, aniline at a concentration of 100 mg/L and the test item at a concentration of 100 mg/L to act as toxicity control vessels.

All vessels were innoculated with the prepared inoculum at a rate of 1% v/v.

On Day 0, the test and reference added and the pH measured. All volumes were adjusted to 500 mL wih medium. All vessels were then placed in a CES Multi-Channel Aerobic Respirometer. The item was suspected to be volatile so the vessels containing test item were place onto the respirometer within 5 minutes of the test item being added so to minimise any losses of test item due to volatility.

The system consisted of a sample flask sealed by a sensor head/CO2 trap immersed in a temperature controlled water bath. The samples were stirred for the duration of the test with a magneticaly coupled stirrer.

The test was conducted in diffuse light at temperatures of between 21 and 23 °C.

On Day 28, the pH of the vessels was measured again.

The daily Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) values for the inoculum control, test item, procedure control and the toxicity control were measured daily.



Reference substance:
aniline
Preliminary study:
Not applicable
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
4
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
The mean BOD of the inoculated mineral medium (control) was 28.24 mg O2/L after 28 days and therefore satisfied the validation criteria.
The pH of the inoculated test vessels on Day 28 were 7.6 and hence satisfied the validation criterion.
The difference between the extremes of replicate BOD values at the end of the test was less than 20% and therefore satisfied the validation criterion.
The test item attained 4% biodegradation after 28 days calculated from the oxygen consumption values and therefore cannot be considered to be readily biodegradable according to OECD Guideline No 301F.
The toxicity control attained 54% biodegradation after 14 days and 55% biodegradation after 28 days thereby confirming that the test item was not toxic to the sewage treatment organisms used in the test.
Results with reference substance:
Aniline (positive control) attained 76% biodegradation after 14 days and 79% biodegradation after 28 days thereby confirming the suitability of the inoculum and test conditions.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
not readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
The test item attained 4% biodegradation after 28 days and therefore cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:

The study was performed to assess the ready biodegradability of the test item in an aerobic aqueous media according to OECD method 301F.

The test item at a concentration of 100 mg/L was exposed to sewage treatment microorganisms with mineral medium in sealed culture vessles in diffuse light for 28 days. The biodegradation rate was assessed by the measurement of the daily oxygen consumption values. The test item attained 4% biodegradation after 28 days and therefore cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.  

Description of key information

The test item attained 4% biodegradation after 28 days and therefore cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.  

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Type of water:
freshwater

Additional information