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EC number: 260-124-8 | CAS number: 56358-09-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 4-17.1.2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
Since the test substance is poorly soluble in test medium at concentrations needed for the test, saturated solutions of the test substance in test medium were prepared by adding measured amounts of the test substance to the test medium. The solutions were stirred for period of 72 hours on a shaft stirrer and consequently filtered through 0.45 μm filter. These solutions were used for testing. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: Brinkmann 1953/SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): the collection of autotrophic organisms of The Botanic Institute of the Czech Academy of Science, Třeboň
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days
- Method of cultivation: The strain culture was pre-inoculated from the stock solution and cultivated in flasks with the test medium in indirect daylight at laboratory temperature.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Yes - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22.5 to 23.5 °C
- pH:
- 7.7 to 8.0
- Conductivity:
- 0.188 mS/m
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentrations: 100, 53, 28, 15, 8, 4 and 2 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): Closed with stoppers venting air
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 50 mL in each test flask
- Aeration: No
- Initial cell density: 5 000 cells/mL
- Control end cell density: 237 500 in 1 mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: Yes
The test medium was prepared by admixing 10 mL of basic stock solution A and 1 mL each of basic stock solutions B, C, D in 1000 mL deionised water. The solutions were kept in the dark at 4 ± 1 °C in fridge. The 4 basic solutions contained the following components and each was made up to 1000 mL with deionised water.
Solution A: NH4Cl 1.5 g, MgC12.6H2O 1.2 g, CaCl2.2H2O 1.8 g, MgSO4.7H2O 1.5 g and KH2PO4 0.16 g
Solution B: FeCl3.6H2O 64 mg and Na2EDTA.2H2O 100 mg
Solution C: H3BO3 185 mg, MnCl2.4H2O 415 mg, ZnCl2 3.0 mg, CoCl2.6H2O 1.5 mg, CuCl2.2H2O 0.01 mg and Na2MoO4.H2O 7.0 mg
Solution D: NaHCO3 50 g
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Water with conductivity smaller than 5 μS/cm was used for the preparation of solutions.
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: At the beginning and the end of the test the pH of the test mixtures was measured. The temperature was measured every 24 hours.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: No data
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: Continuous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: white light, 6800 to 6900 lux (measured every 24 hours)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- Determination of cell concentrations: The density of algae culture was evaluated microscopically at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The cell density was measured by direct counting of living cells in Burker's counting chamber.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.9
- Range finding study: Yes
- Test concentrations: 100, 60, 40, 20 and 10 mg/L (nominal concentrations)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes. Due to toxicity observed in the preliminary test the full definitive test was performed. The percentage reduction in growth rate observed in the preliminary test was 15.9, 20.1, 22.7, 27.8 and 28.9 % at nominal concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- < 2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 1.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % confidence limit: 1.0 to 2.8 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % confidence limit: 4.1 to 4.9 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % confidence limit: 0.0 to 0.6 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- < 2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Details on results:
- Reduction in the growth rate and inhibition of the yield was seen in every test concentration.
In the main test, the biomass in the control cultures increased more than 45 times during the 72-hour test period.
The mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates in the control cultures is 13.1 % (CV0-24 h = 2.4 %, CV24-48 h = 12.6 % and CV48-72 h = 24.1 %).
The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in replicate control cultures is 2.7 %.
TEST QUALITY CRITERIA
- The biomass in the control cultures should have increased exponentially by a factor of at least 16 within the 72-hour test period.
- The mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates in the control cultures must not exceed 35 %.
- The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in replicate control cultures must not exceed 7 % in tests.
All three criteria were fulfilled. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50: 72 hour ErC50 = 0.94 mg/L (95 % confidence limit: 0.084 to 1.04 mg/L)
- Other: The inhibition of growth rate by the reference substance obtained from the most recent testing facility reference was in the appropriate range. The sensitivity of test species and proficiency of the laboratory in test performance was therefore verified. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- For the determination EC and NOEC values the nominal concentrations were used.
The values of ErC50 and EyC50 were calculated using the software “Toxicita” (Water Research Institute, Ostrava, Czech Republic).
The values and confidence intervals of ErC10 and EyC10 were calculated using the software QC.Expert 2.5 © 1998-2000 (product of TriloByte Ltd., Czech Republic).
The model fits the regression line to the data (EC x inhibition) and calculates the EC value and 95 % confidence interval for desired % of inhibition.
The determination of NOEC values was done using comparisons in ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) analysis. The ANOVA method used is the part of statistical software QC.Expert 2.5 © 1998-2000. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this study, the 72 hour ErC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L and the 72 hour NOEC was <2 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The test substance, Solvent Red 19E, was tested for growth inhibition on algae Desmodesmus subspicatus under GLP conditions.
The test was performed according to method C.3. - Freshwater Algae and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test, Commission Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009, Annex IV and OECD Test Guideline No.201, Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test, Adopted March 23, 2006.
In a preliminary study, algae were exposed the test material at nominal concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 mg/L under static conditions. Following this, a definitive study was carried out at nominal concentrations of 2, 4, 8, 15, 28, 53 and 100 mg/L under static conditions.
Since the test substance is poorly soluble in test medium at the concentrations needed for the test, saturated solutions of the test substance in test medium were prepared by adding measured amounts of the test substance to the test medium. The saturated solutions were stirred for a period of 72 hours on a shaft stirrer and consequently filtered through 0.45 μm filter.
The nominal concentrations were used for all evaluations and results. The study was performed without analytical determination of test substance concentrations because no suitable analytical method was found.
Reduction in the growth rate and inhibition of the yield was seen in every test concentration.
Under the conditions of this study, the 72 hour ErC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L and the 72 hour NOEC for growth was <2 mg/L. The 72 h EyC50 was determined to be 4.5 mg/L (95 % condidence limit 4.1 to 4.9 mg/L) and the 72 h NOEC for yield was <2 mg/L.
Reference
Table 1: Mean cell Density in Definitive Test
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) |
Mean Cell Density in 1 mL |
|||
0 hours |
24 hours |
48 hours |
72 hours |
|
100 |
5000 |
18 750 |
27 083 |
39 583 |
53 |
5000 |
20 833 |
29 167 |
50 000 |
28 |
5000 |
22 917 |
35 417 |
54 167 |
15 |
5000 |
27 083 |
37 500 |
77 083 |
8 |
5000 |
31 250 |
43 750 |
97 917 |
4 |
5000 |
33 333 |
50 000 |
133 333 |
2 |
5000 |
43 750 |
62 500 |
147 917 |
Control |
5000 |
60 417 |
106 250 |
237 500 |
Table 2: Reduction of Growth and Inhibition of Yield in Definitive Test
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) |
Growth rate |
|
||
Mean Growth (µ) |
Reduction (%) |
Mean Yield (Y) |
Inhibition (%) |
|
100 |
0.69 |
46.4 |
34 583 |
85.1 |
53 |
0.77 |
40.4 |
45 000 |
80.6 |
28 |
0.79 |
38.3 |
49 167 |
78.9 |
15 |
0.91 |
29.1 |
72 083 |
69.0 |
8 |
0.99 |
23.0 |
92 917 |
60.0 |
4 |
1.09 |
15.0 |
128 333 |
44.8 |
2 |
1.13 |
12.3 |
142 917 |
38.5 |
Control |
1.29 |
0.0 |
232 500 |
0.0 |
Description of key information
The 72 hour ErC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L and the 72 hour NOEC for growth was <2 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 100 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 1.8 mg/L
Additional information
The test substance, Solvent Red 19E, was tested for growth inhibition on algae Desmodesmus subspicatus under GLP conditions.
The test was performed according to method C.3. - Freshwater Algae and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test, Commission Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009, Annex IV and OECD Test Guideline No.201, Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test, Adopted March 23, 2006.
In a preliminary study, algae were exposed the test material at nominal concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 mg/L under static conditions. Following this, a definitive study was carried out at nominal concentrations of 2, 4, 8, 15, 28, 53 and 100 mg/L under static conditions.
Since the test substance is poorly soluble in test medium at the concentrations needed for the test, saturated solutions of the test substance in test medium were prepared by adding measured amounts of the test substance to the test medium. The saturated solutions were stirred for a period of 72 hours on a shaft stirrer and consequently filtered through 0.45 μm filter.
The nominal concentrations were used for all evaluations and results. The study was performed without analytical determination of test substance concentrations because no suitable analytical method was found.
Reduction in the growth rate and inhibition of the yield was seen in every test concentration.
Under the conditions of this study, the 72 hour ErC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L and the 72 hour NOEC for growth was <2 mg/L. The 72 h EyC50 was determined to be 4.5 mg/L (95 % condidence limit 4.1 to 4.9 mg/L) and the 72 h NOEC for yield was <2 mg/L.
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