Ibuprofen

Toxicity to microorganisms

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to microorganisms, other

Remarks:

Microtox (Vibrio fisheri)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Are standard tests sensitive enough to evaluate effects of human pharmaceuticals in aquatic biota? Facing changes in research approaches when performing risk assessment of drugs

Author:

Aguirre-Martínez GV, Owuor MA, Garrido-Pérez C, Salamanca MJ, Del Valls TA, Martín-Díaz ML

Year:

2015

Bibliographic source:

Chemosphere. 2015 Feb; 120: 75-85

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Inhibition of bioluminescence of the marine bacteria Vibrio fisheri after 5 and 15 min of exposure (Microtox assay from Azur Environmental)

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Ibuprofen

EC Number:

239-784-6

EC Name:

Ibuprofen

Cas Number:

15687-27-1

Molecular formula:

C13H18O2

IUPAC Name:

2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Purity: > 98%
Source: Sigma-Aldrich (Spain)

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: stock solution prepared in DMSO
- Controls: negative control and solvent control
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): 0.001% v/v

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Vibrio fisheri

Details on inoculum:

Marine bacteria prvided in Microtox test kit from Azur Environmental as freeze-dried bacterial reagent

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

saltwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

15 min

Test conditions

Test temperature:

15 °C

Salinity:

checked, but not reported

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 2000, 4400, 8800, 18000 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Microtox test kit
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 1

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: provided with Microtox test kit

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: darkness

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : bioluminescence after 5 and 15 min

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

15 min

Dose descriptor:

IC50

Effect conc.:

800 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: inhibition of bioluminescence

Details on results:

- negative control with 100% bioluminescence
- solvent control: no significant difference to negative control

Reported statistics and error estimates:

IC50 was calculated for each test using Microtox Omni Software Version 1.18 available from the manufacturer (Azur Environmental, 1999) at 5 and 15 min.