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EC number: 200-842-0 | CAS number: 75-12-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- other: TSCATS
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 987
- Report date:
- 1987
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Formamide
- EC Number:
- 200-842-0
- EC Name:
- Formamide
- Cas Number:
- 75-12-7
- Molecular formula:
- CH3NO
- IUPAC Name:
- formamide
- Details on test material:
- Formamide; purity >99%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- other: no vehicle
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus:
- Exposure chamber volume:
- Method of holding animals in test chamber:
- Source and rate of air:
- Method of conditioning air:
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: two different methods were used: 1) a nebulizer and 2) an evaporator heated to approx. 100-210°C. - - Method of particle size determination:
- Treatment of exhaust air:
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber:
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: two different methods were use: 1) GD/FID and 2) gravimetric analysis.
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Particle size distribution: tabulated below
- MMAD (Mass median aerodynamic diameter) / GSD (Geometric st. dev.): tabulated below - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 1.3, 2.0, 5.1, 14, 19, 21 mg/l (mean concentrations)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 6
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes/no
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 21 mg/L air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- One of the rats exposed to 21 mg/l died 11 days after exposure. No deaths were observed at the other test concentrations. The LC50 was >21 mg/l in this study.
- Clinical signs:
- other: No clinical signs were noted during exposure. Immediately thereafter, rats from all groups exhibited ocular and nasal discharges, and the rats of the two high dose groups had compound-covered faces. Clinical signs included lethargy, hunched posture, cle
- Body weight:
- Body weight losses were seen in rats from the 14, 19, and 21 mg/l groups for up to 5 days post exposure. One rat of the 21 mg/l group continued to loose weight and was found dead 11 days post exposure.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Conclusion
In an inhalation study that was conducted similar to OECD TG No. 403 and under GLP, 6 male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 4 hours to mean analytical concentrations of 1.3, 2.0, 5.1, 14, 19, 21 mg/L. The test atmosphere was generated by metering the test material into a round-bottom flask heated to 100-210 deg C for concentrations less than 19 mg/L. The two highest atmospheric concentrations were generated with a nebulizer. Within the 14 day observation period mortality was
observed in 1 animal in the 21 mg/L dose group. Clinical observations included lethargy, hunched posture, ocular and nasal discharges, partially-closed eyes, diarrhea, brown-stained perineum, and weight loss. Gross necropsy was not reported. The LC50is considered to be > 21 mg/L (TSCATS, 1987).
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