4-chlorobenzaldehyde

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

23.12. - 27.12.1980

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Acute toxicities of organic chemicals to Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)

Author:

Brooke, L.T., Call, D.J., Geiger, D.L. & Northcott, C.E.

Year:

1984

Bibliographic source:

ISBN 0-9614968-0-0

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

not applicable

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-chlorobenzaldehyde

EC Number:

203-247-4

EC Name:

4-chlorobenzaldehyde

Cas Number:

104-88-1

Molecular formula:

C7H5ClO

IUPAC Name:

4-chlorobenzaldehyde

Details on test material:

Chemical Source: Aldrich Chemical Co, Milwaukee, USA
Purity: 97 %

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data available

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

All test exposure chambers were sampled at approximately mid-depth at 0 and 96 hr and one of each duplicate exposure chamber at 24, 48 and 72 hr

Test solutions

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on test solutions:

no data available

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

Fathead minnows used in the tests were cultured from brood stock provided by the U.S. ERA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth. Adults were held at 25 C in flowing water with a 16 hr light-controlled photoperiod and fed frozen adult brine shrimp (Artemia sp.).
Age at test start: 28-31 days, mean length: 21.1 mm, mean weight: 0.172 g

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

no data available

Test conditions

Hardness:

45.4 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

24.0 °C

pH:

7.60

Dissolved oxygen:

6.9 mg/L

Salinity:

39.5 as CaCO3

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 0, 2.6, 4.3, 7.2, 12.0, 20.0
analysed: 0, 0.73, 1.4, 2.7, 5.5, 12.3

Details on test conditions:

Exposures were conducted in two-L battery jars. Test solutions were renewed by siphoning 90% of the solutions from the jars and replacing them with fresh stock of the appropriate concentration. The exchange of solutions was done at least every 48 hr.
Fish were not fed during chemical exposures. During exposure to toxicants the fish were routinely observed for behavioral responses (effects) and deaths.

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

2.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 2.0-2.4 mg/L

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

behaviour

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 2.0-2.4 mg/L

Details on results:

affected fish stopped schooling, swam at the water surface and lost equilibrium prior to death.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Observations of affected and dead fish exposed to test item were combined when duplicate exposures were made, resulting in a single LC50 a estimate per test. Estimation of the LC50 was made using the "trimmed Spearman-Karber" method (Hamilton et_ al_., 1977).

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Based on the test results, the 96-hour LC50 for fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) for 4-chlorobenzaldehyde was determined to be 2.2 mg/L based on measured concentrations.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), was determined in an aerated, semi static, 96-hour test. Treatments consisted of a dilution water control and the nominal concentrations of 2.6, 4.3, 7.2, 12 and 20 mg/L.

Based on the test results, the 96-hour LC₅₀for fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas

for 4-chlorobenzaldehyde was determined to be 2.2 mg/L based on measured concentrations.