Undecenal

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Genetic toxicity in vitro

Description of key information

The test material undecenal (CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not mutagenic in vitro.

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction is done using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Target gene:

No data

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

Not applicable

Additional strain / cell type characteristics:

not specified

Metabolic activation:

with

Metabolic activation system:

S9 activation system

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

No data

Vehicle / solvent:

No data

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

No data

Evaluation criteria:

No data

Statistics:

No data

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Vehicle controls validity:

not specified

Untreated negative controls validity:

not specified

Positive controls validity:

not specified

Additional information on results:

No data

Remarks on result:

other: strain/cell type:

Remarks:

Migrated from field 'Test system'.

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: "Gene mutation"
Estimation method: Takes highest mode value from the 6 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

((((((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" )  and ("e" and ( not "f") )  )  and "g" )  and ("h" and ( not "i") )  )  and "j" )  and ("k" and ( not "l") )  )  and ("m" and ( not "n") )  )  and "o" )  and "p" )  and ("q" and ( not "r") )  )  and ("s" and "t" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aldehydes (Acute toxicity) by US-EPA New Chemical Categories

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkene AND Allyl AND Alpha,beta unsaturated aldehyde by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Allyl AND Alpha,beta unsaturated aldehyde AND Overlapping groups by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aliphatic Carbon [CH] AND Aliphatic Carbon [-CH2-] AND Aliphatic Carbon [-CH3] AND Carbonyl, olefinic attach [-C(=O)-] AND Miscellaneous sulfide (=S) or oxide (=O) AND Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Michael addition AND Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes AND Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - aldehydes AND Schiff Base Formers AND Schiff Base Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers AND Schiff Base Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> Mono-carbonyls by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Acetates OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Acyl halides (including benzyl and carbamoyl deriv.) OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Anhydrides OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Azlactone OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Sulphonyl halides OR Acylation >> Isocyanates and Related Chemicals OR Acylation >> Isocyanates and Related Chemicals >> Isocyanates OR Acylation >> Isocyanates and Related Chemicals >> Thiocyanates-Acylation OR Acylation >> Ring Opening Acylation OR Acylation >> Ring Opening Acylation >> alpha-Lactams OR Michael addition >> Acid imides OR Michael addition >> Acid imides >> Acid imides-MA OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - amides OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - cyano OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - esters OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - ketones OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - nitro OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - pyridines OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkynes OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkynes >> Polarised alkyne - aldehyde OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkynes >> Polarised alkyne - pyridine OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Benzoquinones OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Pyranones (and related nitrogen chemicals) OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Quinone-diimine OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Quinone-imine OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Quinone-methides OR No alert found OR Schiff Base Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> 1-2-Dicarbonyls OR Schiff Base Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> 1-3-Dicarbonyls OR Schiff Base Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> Di-substituted alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Episulfonium Ion Formation OR SN2 >> Episulfonium Ion Formation >> 1,2-Dihaloalkane OR SN2 >> Episulfonium Ion Formation >> Mustards OR SN2 >> Epoxides and Related Chemicals OR SN2 >> Epoxides and Related Chemicals >> Aziridines OR SN2 >> Epoxides and Related Chemicals >> Epoxides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a halo atom OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a halo atom >> N-haloimides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a nitrogen atom OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a nitrogen atom >> N-Acetoxy-N-acetyl-phenyl OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a nitrogen atom >> N-Acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a nitrogen atom >> Nitrosoureas (nitrogen) OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sp2 carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sp2 carbon atom >> Polarised alkenes with a halogen leaving group OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sp2 carbon atom >> Polarised alkenes with a phosphate leaving group OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sp2 carbon atom >> Polarised alkenes with a tiophosphate leaving group OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sulphur atom OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sulphur atom >> Disulfides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sulphur atom >> Isothiazol-3-ones (sulphur) OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sulphur atom >> Thiocyanates-SN2 OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at a sulphur atom >> Thiols OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl diazo OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl halides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Allyl acetates and related chemicals OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> alpha-Halo ethers OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> alpha-Haloalkenes (and related cyano, sulfate and sulfonate subs. chem.) OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> alpha-Halobenzyls (and related cyano, sulfate and sulphonate subs. chem.) OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> alpha-Halocarbonyls OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> beta-Halo ethers OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Nitrosoureas (carbon) OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Phosphates OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Phosphonates OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Sulfonates OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Thiophosphates OR SNAr OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution >> Activated halo-benzenes OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution >> Activated halo-pyridines OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution >> Halo-pyrimidines OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution >> Halo-triazines by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No superfragment by Superfragments ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Respiratory sensitisation

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Pro-Michael Addition OR Pro-Michael Addition >> Pro-quinone and related OR Pro-Michael Addition >> Pro-quinone and related >> Hydroquinones OR Schiff base formation OR Schiff base formation >> Cross linking Schiff bases OR Schiff base formation >> Cross linking Schiff bases >> Di-aldehydes OR Schiff base formation >> Cross linking Schiff bases >> Formaldehyde by Respiratory sensitisation

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non-Metals by Groups of elements

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Halogens by Groups of elements

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 16 - Oxygen O by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 15 - Nitrogen N OR Group 16 - Sulfur S by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Similarity boundary:Target: CCCCCCCCC=CC=O
Threshold=30%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Similarity boundary:Target: CCCCCCCCC=CC=O
Threshold=40%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA alerts for AMES, MN and CA by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "r"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds >> Alpha,Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation >> Alpha,Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives by DNA alerts for AMES, MN and CA by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "s"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 3.27

Domain logical expression index: "t"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 4.43

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative

The test material undecenal (CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not mutagenic in vitro in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system.

Executive summary:

Gene mutation was predicted using SSS QSAR prediction model, 2016. The study used Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain and S9 metabolic activation system. The test material undecenal (CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not mutagenic in vitro in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify for gene mutaion in vitro.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (negative)

Additional information

Additional information from genetic toxicity in vitro:

Prediction model based estimation and data from read across were viewed to determine the mutagenic nature of the test compound Undecenal (CAS no 1337-83-3). The studies are summarized as below:

Gene mutation was predicted using SSS QSAR prediction model, 2016. The study used Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain and S9 metabolic activation system. The test material undecenal (CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not mutagenic in vitro in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify for gene mutaion in vitro.

Gene mutation was predicted using SSS QSAR prediction model, 2016. The study used Salmonella typhimurium TA103 strain and without S9 metabolic activation system. The test material undecenal (CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not mutagenic in vitro in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA103 without S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify for gene mutaion in vitro.

Prediction model based estimation for gene mutation was done using Danish QSAR prediction database (2016). The test substance, undecenal (CAS no 1337-83-3), was estimated to be negative for gene mutation in an Ames test on S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100. Thus it can be concluded that the substance undecenal has negative genetic toxicity effects.

Prediction model based estimation for gene mutation was done using Danish QSAR prediction database (2016). The test substance, undecenal (CAS no 1337-83-3), was estimated to be negative for chromosome aberration in Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) Cells. The chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant.

In a bacterial gene mutation assay by Marnett (1985),SalmonellaTA104 was tested for mutagenicity by using 2-Nonenal (RA CAS no 2463-53-8) in DMSO or water. 2-Nonenal were added in overnight culture of the bacterial strain to a final volume of 0.5 ml. Glutathione, 50 μl of a 0.1 M solution (in 0.2 M sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.4) was added to the reaction tubes at the end of the preincubation period. After incubation, 2 ml of molten top agar containing histidine and biotin was added to each tube; the mixture was plated on minimal glucose and observed for number of revertants. 2-Nonenal failed to induce reversion in the strain and was considered to be negative for gene mutation whenSalmonellaTA104 was tested for mutagenicity.

In a bacterial gene mutation assay by Canonero (1990), Chinese hamster lung cell line V79 was tested for mutagenicity by using Non-2-enal (RA CAS no 2463-53-8) viable cells in cultures without S9 metabolic activation. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) were used as a positive control. 20 dishes/dose of Non-2-enal were seeded with 2x 10⁵cells/dish. Ouabain (OUA) (1 mM final concentration) was added 3 days after seeding. The number of mutant colonies was determined 17 days later. No response to both the HGPRT and the Na/K ATPase locus was observed at 0.010 mMNon-2-enalas compared to positive control. Therefore,Non-2-enal was considered to be non- genetoxic when Chinese hamster lung cell line V79 was used.

An in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation study was designed and conducted to determine the genotoxicity profile of Undecylenic aldehyde (RA CAS No. 112-45-8) when administered to Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells (Sustainability support services, 2015).In the genotoxicity test, Undecylenic aldehyde was administered to CHO cells for 3 hrs at the dose levels of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mM and in the absence or presence of exogenous metabolic activation. Only the positive control 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene gave an indication of gene mutations occurring while no other treatment gave rise to gene toxicity. When the mutation frequency was determined, a frequency of -2.67 x 10^-4was shown after a 3 hour exposure of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene as the positive control in the presence of S9 liver microsomal fraction. Since no other tested concentration of Undecylenic aldehyde, in the absence or presence of S9 liver microsomal fraction, resulted in colonies, it can be concluded that Undecylenic aldehyde does not give rise to gene mutations when CHO cells are exposedin vitroto the test chemical at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mM for 3 hrs.

In an in vitro gene toxicity study by Florin (1980), the genotoxic effects of Undecanal (RA CAS no 112-44-7) were evaluated with Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537. The bacterial strains were exposed to test chemical at a concentration of 3 µmole/plate with and without S9 metabolic activation system. The results showed that Undecanal did not induce reversion of mutant strains and hence is not mutagenic in the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 with and without S9 metabolic activation system.

Based on the available data, it can be concluded that the test chemical (Undecenal, CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not likely to be mutagenic in vitro.

Justification for selection of genetic toxicity endpoint
Data is obtained from predicted database

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the weight of evidence data available, it can be concluded that the test chemical (Undecenal, CAS no 1337 -83 -3) is not likely to be a gene mutagen in vitro.