Disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short-term toxicity to fish:

Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median lethal Concentrations [LC-50 (96 h)] for disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) on Zebra Fish Danio rerio was determine to be > 100 mg/L.  

Short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrates

Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median effective Concentrations [EC-50 (48 h)] for disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) on test daphnia was determined to be > 100 mg/L.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was predicted for target substancedisodium benzene-1,3-disulfonate (CAS no. 831-59-4). EC50 value was estimated to be 402.46 mg/l for Desmodesmus subspicatus for 72 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance disodium benzene-1,3 -disulfonate is likely to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Additional information

Short-term toxicity to fish:

Study was conducted to assess the effect of test chemical disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) on the mortality of fish Danio rerio. Test conducted according to OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the stock solution will be prepared by dissolving 1 g of the test substance in 1 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) with continuous 1 hour stirring. After the completion of 1 hours stirring. This test solution was then added to the remaining three liters of water for achieving test concentrations of 100 mg/L and Zebra FishDanio reriowere exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. Bowl aquaria containing 2 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) were loaded with 8 fishes. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD guideline 203. After 96 hours of exposure to test item disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) to various nominal test concentrations, LC50 was determine to be > 100 mg/L . Based on the LC50, it can be consider that the chemical was non-hazardous and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates for disodium benzene-1, 3-disulfonate was summarised (831-59-4) with two experimental studies are summaries as follows:

Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization Test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4).

The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 2 mg of the test substance in 20 ml of ADaM’s media. Achieving test concentrations of 100 mg/L, respectivelyThe nominal concentration selected for the experiment was 100 mg/l- and test Daphnia magna were exposed to these concentration for 48 hours. The median lethal concentration (EC50) for disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) on Daphnia magna in a 48 hours study on the basis of immobilization effect was determined to be > 100 mg/L.Thus, on the basis of this EC50 value and according to CLP criteria for aquatic classification of the substance, it is concluded that the substance, disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) does not exhibit short term toxicity to Daphnia. EC50 (48 hours) Experimental is > 100 mg/L.After 48 hours of exposure to test item disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) to various nominal test concentrations, EC50 was determine to be > 100 mg/l . Based on the EC50, it can be consider that the chemical was non-hazardous and can be consider to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4) to aquatic invertebrates daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The solution 100.0 mg/l was prepared by dissolving beige powder in reconstituted water.100 mg/l concentrations was used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously.  

The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance disodium benzene-1,3-disulphonate (831-59-4), in Daphnia magna,8% of inhibition of mobility was observed at test concentration 100 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the I %, substance is likely to be non hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and cannot be classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Based on the above data of target, it was considered that disodium benzene-1, 3-disulfonate(CAS: 831-59-4) was not hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulations.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Predicted data for the target chemical disodium benzene-1,3-disulfonate(CAS No. 831-59-4) and various weight of evidence study for its read across substance were reviewed to summarize the following information:

 

Short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria of target chemical disodium benzene-1,3-disulfonate(CAS No. 831-59-4) is predicted using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances (2017). EC50 value was estimated to be 402.46 mg/l for Desmodesmus subspicatus for 72 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance disodium benzene-1,3 -disulfonate is likely to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In a weight of evidencestudy from authoritative database (ECOTOX, 2017) of the read across chemical Benzenesulphonic acid (CAS no. 98 -11 -3), short term toxicity to Navicula seminulum (Pennate diatom) study was carried out for 96 hrs. The study was based on the effects of the read across compound Benzenesulphonic acid on Navicula seminulum in a static fresh water system at a temperature of 28°C and hardness of 77 mg/l as CaCO3 respectively. Navicula seminulum (Pennate diatom) was used as a test organism. Based on effect on population of the test organism Navicula seminulum, the 96 hr EC50 value was determined to be 19500 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance Benzenesulphonic acid is likely to be non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Another short term toxicity to Selenastrum capricornutum (green algae) study was carried out for 72 hrs (HPVIS, 2016). The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test). The study was based on the effects of the read across compound Benzenesulphonic acid (CAS no. 98 -11 -3) on Selenastrum capricornutum in a static fresh water system under a continuous illumination with a light intensity within the range of 73 to 101 uE/m2/s, at a temperature of 22.5 - 23°C, pH of 8.3 ± 0.2 and hardness of 24 mg/l as CaCO3 respectively. Selenastrum capricornutum was used as a test organism. Pretreatment was given to the test organism for 3 days under test conditions. Test chemical concentration used for the study was 0, 4.6, 10, 22, 46, 100 and 220 mg/L (nominal concentration) and 0 (not detected), 4.3, 10.1, 21.9, 44.8, 101, 224 and 233 mg/l (measured concentration), respectively. A stock solution of 220 mg/L was prepared in test medium, applying 56 minutes of magnetic stirring. Lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the stock in test medium. Analytical determinations were carried out using HPLC (RP, UV detection at 263 nm). Potassium dichromate was used as a reference substance in the study. All tests were performed in triplicates except the blank control was performed in 6 replicates. Inhibition of cell growth and reduction of growth rate was measured at 0 hr and 72 hr. Based on effect on cell growth inhibition and growth rate reduction of the test organism Selenastrum capricornutum, the 72 hr NOEC value was determined to be 46 mg/l and on the basis of effect on cell growth inhibition and growth rate reduction, the 72 hr EC50 value was determined to be 70 and 73 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance Benzenesulphonic acid can be considered as toxic to aquatic organisms. Since the chemical is readily biodegradable in nature, chemical Benzenesulphonic acid can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Thus, based on the overall reported results for target chemical disodium benzene-1,3-disulfonate (OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, 2017) and for its read across substance (from authoritative database ECOTOX, 2017 and secondary source HPVIS, 2016), it can be concluded that the test substance disodium benzene-1,3-disulfonate is likely to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.