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This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Consumer Uses

This substance is used in the following products: inks and toners and coating products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).

Article service life

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).
This substance can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).
This substance can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper) and wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).

Widespread uses by professional workers

This substance is used in the following products: coating products, inks and toners, adhesives and sealants, adsorbents, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, paper chemicals and dyes, pharmaceuticals, polymers, semiconductors, textile treatment products and dyes and water treatment chemicals.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).

Formulation or re-packing

This substance is used in the following products: coating products, pH regulators and water treatment products, adsorbents, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints, metal surface treatment products, inks and toners, laboratory chemicals, paper chemicals and dyes, pharmaceuticals, polymers, semiconductors, textile treatment products and dyes, water treatment chemicals, adhesives and sealants and non-metal-surface treatment products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation in materials and formulation of mixtures.

Uses at industrial sites

This substance is used in the following products: adsorbents, pH regulators and water treatment products, coating products, polymers, laboratory chemicals, adhesives and sealants, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, inks and toners, paper chemicals and dyes, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, textile treatment products and dyes and water treatment chemicals.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and .
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.

Manufacture

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use, outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).