Tosylchloramide sodium

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2007

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP test according to protocol

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

The concentration of the stock solution and the control was analysed.

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- Substrate characteristics: A 2:l mixture of natural soil (LUFA 2.2) and quartz sand with a C-content of 1.18 %. The soil has been stored at the test facility at green house conditions until use.
Certified LUFA soil No. 2.2 (batch: Sp221107)
loamy sand (IS, acc. to German DIN classification)
≤ 2mm
Carbon content: 2.36 ± 0.22
5.6 ± 0.4
Cation exchange: 11 ± 2
Origin: LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHE UNTERSUCHUNGS- UND FORSCHUNGSANSTALT
SPEYER (LUFA), Obere Langgasse 40, D-67346 Speyer.

Dorentruper crystal quartz sand 12 a 0.063 - 0.5 mm
Origin: DORENTRUP QUARZ GMBH CO. KG, An der Sandgrube 1,

Species:

Avena sativa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

- Origin: LOCHOW PETKUS GMBH, Postfach 1197, D-29296 Bergen
- Storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (20 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.
- Sowing: Test containers were filled each with the same amount of treated soil (see application technique) and seeding holes were made with a seedling pistil. One seed was given in each hole and covered with soil. During cultivation the test container were bottom watered and fertilized as necessary.

Species:

Brassica napus

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Origin: LOCHOW PETKUS GMBH, Postfach 1197, D-29296 Bergen
- Storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (20 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.
- Sowing: Test containers were filled each with the same amount of treated soil (see application technique) and seeding holes were made with a seedling pistil. One seed was given in each hole and covered with soil. During cultivation the test container were bottom watered and fertilized as necessary.

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Origin: SAATBAU LINZ, A-4021 Linz, Schimmerstrasse 19, P.O.B. 317
- Storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (20 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.
- Sowing: Test containers were filled each with the same amount of treated soil (see application technique) and seeding holes were made with a seedling pistil. One seed was given in each hole and covered with soil. During cultivation the test container were bottom watered and fertilized as necessary.

Test type:

seedling emergence toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

other: mixture of natural soil and quartz sand (2:1)

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test temperature:

17-26 °C

Moisture:

Relative humidity: 50-89%

Details on test conditions:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Method of application: The control and test item were applied once at the beginning of the study. The test item was weighed out and diluted with the required water amount. The test item solution was mixed carefully with the soil with a mixer to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the test item.
The treated soil was transferred to the test container and the seeds were sown.
- Light regime Nominal: > 3500 Ix, actual: 4362 ± 495
- Observations: day 7, 14 and 21
- Watering of the plants: Watering from the bottom as necessary

TEST SYSTEM
- Container type: Plastic container (standard flower pots), B 12 cm
- Number of replicates: 8
- Numbers of plants per replicate per dose: 5
- Date of planting: 2007-04-1 8
- Date of test substance application: 2007-04-18
- Date of phytotoxicity rating: Day 7, 14, 21

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 1000 - 333 - 111 - 37 - 12.3 mg/kg soil dry weight (DW)
For soybean 4.1 mg/kg DW was tested additionally.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

111 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot height

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

316 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot height

Remarks on result:

other: 95% C.L. 264-370

Details on results:

see attached table

Reported statistics and error estimates:

NOEL: of biomass Determination of the NOEL for inhibition of shoot height, fresh weight and rate of emergence by One Way Analysis of Variances (ANOVA), followed by Dunnet’s method if statistically significant differences compared to control replicates were found.
ED-values and confidence and ranges of growth: ED25 and ED50 values were calculated by sigmodial dose-response regression. Calculation of the confidence intervals for and values were carried out using standard procedures according to Clopper and Pearson (1934).

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Test item related phytotoxic effects were observed for the plant species oats at test concentrations ≥ 111 mg/kg and for plant species rape and soybean at concentrations ≥ 333 mg/kg

Executive summary:

The phytotoxicity of the test item Halamid@ (batch number 0608681224) to three terrestrial plant species was determined in a seedling emergence test over a period of 21 days, from April 18 to May 09, 2007 according to OECD 208 (July 2006) at DR.U.NOACK-LABORATORIEN, 31157 Sarstedt, Germany. The test was conducted with the nominal concentrations 1000 - 333 - 111 - 37 - 12.3 mg/kg soil dry weight (DW) and for the plant species soybean 4.1 mg/kg soil dry weight (DW) was tested additionally. Test systems were one monocotyledon, oats (Gramineae), and two dicotyledons, rape (Brassicaceae) and soybean (Leguminosae). The test item was incorporated into the soil in which the seeds were sown. The test container were bottom watered with nutrient solution as needed. The toxic effects of the test item were determined on day 7, 14 and 21 by visual observations (number of emerged seedlings and phytotoxic effects) and on day 21 by shoot fresh weight and shoot height determination. The inhibition of shoot height, shoot fresh weight and rate of emergence was calculated in relation to the untreated control.

After 21 days test item related phytotoxic effects were observed for the tested plant species at the tested concentrations. The NOELs of the test item, as well as the statistically determined ED25 - and ED50- values, are summarized in the attached tables.

Description of key information

The phytotoxicity of the test item Halamid to three terrestrial plant species was determined in a seedling emergence test over a period of 21 days, according to OECD 208 (July 2006). The test was conducted with the nominal concentrations 1000, 333, 111, 37, 12.3 mg/kg soil dry weight (DW) and for the plant species soybean 4.1 mg/kg soil dry weight (DW) was tested additionally. Test systems were one monocotyledon, oats (Gramineae), and two dicotyledons, rape (Brassicaceae) and soybean (Leguminosae). The test item was incorporated into the soil in which the seeds were sown. The test container were bottom watered with nutrient solution as needed. The toxic effects of the test item were determined on day 7, 14 and 21 by visual observations (number of emerged seedlings and phytotoxic effects) and on day 21 by shoot fresh weight and shoot height determination. The inhibition of shoot height, shoot fresh weight and rate of emergence was calculated in relation to the untreated control. After 21 days test item related phytotoxic effects were observed for the tested plant species at the tested concentrations. Test item related phytotoxic effects were observed for the plant species oats at test concentrations ≥ 111 mg/kg and for plant species rape and soybean at concentrations ≥ 333 mg/kg

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:

316 mg/kg soil dw

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:

111 mg/kg soil dw