Trans-2-{4-[difluoro(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-3,5-difluorophenyl}-5-(trans-4-propylcyclohexyl)-1,3-dioxane

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

from February 7, 2014 to June 27, 2014

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Version / remarks:

adopted on March 23, 2006; Annex 5 corrected: July 28, 2011

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)

Version / remarks:

Council Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and the council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH).

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Remarks:

The test item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study. Because of the low water solubility (0.00022 mg/L) the compound cannot be detected with standard analytical methods.

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION OF THE TEST MATERIAL
The test medium (reconstituted water and test item) was freshly prepared. Therefore, the calibrated flask with test medium was treated in an ultrasonic device for 1 hour. Subsequently, the preparation was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for further 23 hours. Afterwards, the formulation was passed through a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.2 µm. The filtrate was used for the study.

Vehicle:

Nutrient (mg/L)
NH4Cl 15.0
MgCl2 * 6H2O 12.0
CaCl2 * 2H2O 18.0
MgSO4 * 7H2O 15.0
KH2PO4 1.60

FeCl3 * 6H2O 0.0640
Na2EDTA * 2H2O 0.100

H3BO3 0.185
MnCl2 * 4H2O 0.415
ZnCl2 0.00300
CoCl2 * 6H2O 0.00150
CuCl2 * 2H2O 0.00001
Na2MoO4 * 2H2O 0.00700

NaHCO3 50.0

- pH: 7.84
- Total hardness: 24 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Unicellular green algae
- Strain: Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, strain 86.81 SAG was obtained from „Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität Göttingen“, Germany.
- Method of cultivation: The permanent algae cultures, the pre-culture and the algae cultures of the study were cultivated in an air-conditioned room with a water temperature of 21.0 – 24.0 °C, controlled at ± 2 °C. For cultivation, 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with 100 mL algae suspension were covered with air permeable stoppers (Heinz Herenz Medizinalbedarf GmbH, Hamburg, Germany). The cultures were shaken continuously at about 120 rpm (Universalschüttler SM25, Edmund Bühler GmbH, Hechingen, Germany) and lit between 4440 and 8880 Lux. Fluorescent tubes (Lumilux T5 nws FLH1 HO 80W/840, Osram GmbH, München, Germany) installed above the flasks served for lighting.

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 72h
- Culturing media and conditions: same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Hardness:

24 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)

Test temperature:

24.4 to 25.2 °C

pH:

7.21 - 7.84

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations: 100.0 mg/L
No measured concentration.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 300 mL Erlenmeyer glass flasks filled with 100 mL cell suspension
- Aeration: no
- Initial cells density: 10 000 cells per mL
- Control end cells density: 42 430 cells per mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water according to OECD TG 201
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Light intensity and quality: The light intensity measured immediately before start of the study was 7319 Lux ± 5.2 % and 7330 Lux ± 6.4 % at the end of the study.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Nominal test concentration: 100 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Remarks:

The accuracy and reliability of the test method is demonstrated periodically as recommended by OECD Guideline No. 201 and the Council Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009. Therefore, potassium dichromate (Art. 104864) was tested as positive control.

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: > 0.00022 mg/L, based on water solubility

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC20

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: > 0.00022 mg/L, based on water solubility

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: > 0.00022 mg/L, based on water solubility

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Yield

Remarks on result:

other: > 0.00022 mg/L, based on water solubility

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC20

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Yield

Remarks on result:

other: > 0.00022 mg/L

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Yield

Remarks on result:

other: > 0.00022 mg/L

Details on results:

No significant effect on growth of the algae was observed at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L, i.e. up to the maximum water solubility.

The EC values exceeded the water solubility of 0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.

- Exponential growth in the control: yes
- Observation of abnormalities: no
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The accuracy and reliability of the test method is demonstrated periodically as recommended by OECD Guideline No. 201 and the Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/266. Therefore, potassium dichromate (Art. 104864) was tested as positive control.

Study design:
The study comprised of one control group with six replicates and five test item groups with three replicates each. The test item concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/L were dissolved in 100 mL reconstituted water. The initial algae cell density in each replicate was 10 000 cells per mL. The growth of the algae was determined over an exposure period of 72 hours and compared with the growth of the control group.

Results:
The test item Art. 104864 (potassium dichromate) showed 72h EC values which are within the recommended range (Biomass integral EC50 0.20 – 0.75 mg/L and Growth rate EC50 of 0.60 –1.03 mg/L)

Therefore, this study confirms the sensitivity and reliability of the test system used in the test facility.

Results

The test item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study due to the low water solubility (0.00022 mg/L). Because of the low water solubility, the compound cannot be detected with standard analytical methods. The development of an analytical method with a sufficiently low detection and quantification limit is complex. Due to the absence of any adverse effects at the saturation concentration, the study was performed without analytical concentration verification.

An aqueous preparation of a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxic effect in Desmodesmus subspicatus.

The following EC values (Growth rate and Yield) were determined:

Parameter (0 -72h)	Growth Rate	Yield
EC10 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval	>0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d.	>0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d.
EC20 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval	>0.00022 mg/L nominal >100 mg/L) n.d.	>0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d.
EC50 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval	>0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d.	>0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d.

Conclusion

Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of´ the test item revealed no toxicity to algae. The 72-h EC50 for growth rate and yield were >0.00022 mg/L (nominal 100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxicity to algae. The 72-h EC50 for growth rate and yield were >0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.

Executive summary:

A study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 201. In this study the influence of the test item on the growth and growth rate of the green algae species Desmodesmus subspicatus was tested. The study design included one control group and one test item group with six replicates, each containing 100 mL reconstituted water or test medium and about 10000 cells/mL at the start of the experimental phase. The study was performed as a limit test in an open static test system. The algae were exposed to a filtrate of nominal 100 mg/L. The growth of the algae was calculated after 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure in the test item group and control group.

The test item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study due to the low water solubility (0.00022 mg/L). Because of the low water solubility, the compound cannot be detected with standard analytical methods. The development of an analytical method with a sufficiently low detection and quantification limit is complex. Due to the absence of any adverse effects at the saturation concentration, the study was performed without analytical concentration verification.

Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxicity to algae. The 72-h EC50 for growth rate and yield were >0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

For this endpoint information from structural similar compounds is available. The studies for these similar compounds were performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 201. See chapter 13 report for a more detailed justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: Read Across

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: Read Across

Description of key information

Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the source item trans-2-[4'-[difluoro(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-2,3',5'-trifluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]-5-butyl-1,3-dioxane revealed no toxicity to algae. The 72-h EC50 for growth rate and yield were >0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.

Additional information

For the endpoint of 'Toxicity to aquatic plants and cyanobacteria' a read-across to the source substance trans-2-[4'-[difluoro(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-2,3',5'-trifluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]-5-butyl-1,3-dioxane CAS 1256753-06-6 was performed.

A study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 201. In this study the influence of the source item on the growth and growth rate of the green algae species Desmodesmus subspicatus was tested. The study design included one control group and one test item group with six replicates, each containing 100 mL reconstituted water or test medium and about 10000 cells/mL at the start of the experimental phase. The study was performed as a limit test in an open static test system. The algae were exposed to a filtrate of nominal 100 mg/L. The growth of the algae was calculated after 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure in the test item group and control group.

The source item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study due to the low water solubility (0.00022 mg/L). Because of the low water solubility, the compound cannot be detected with standard analytical methods. The development of an analytical method with a sufficiently low detection and quantification limit is complex. Due to the absence of any adverse effects at the saturation concentration, the study was performed without analytical concentration verification.

Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the source item revealed no toxicity to algae. The 72-h EC50 for growth rate and yield were >0.00022 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.