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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
06 May, 1993 to 25 June, 1993
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
ISO 5815 (Water quality - Determination of Biochemical Oxygen Demand after 5 Days (BOD5) - Dilution and Seeding Method)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Code number: FAT - 92349/A
- Source and batch No.of test material: 56
- Expiration date of the batch: November, 1997

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature and protected from light.
- Solubility of the test substance in water: 100 g/L (in water)

OTHER SPECIFICS:
- Purity: 68 %
- Appearance: Solid
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
sewage, industrial (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Seeding water of an urban waste water.
Duration of test (contact time):
5 d
Initial conc.:
6.5 - 837.9 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
Experimental conditions:
Temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
Duration: 5 days
Estimation Technique: O2 - Determination, measured with an oxygen sensitive electrode system: SYLAND (SAV: 00 107)
Reference substance:
other: D(+) - Glucose (Merck Nr. 8337) / L-Glutamic acid (Merck Nr. 291).
Remarks on result:
not measured/tested
Key result
Parameter:
BOD5
Value:
0 g O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
The BOD5 of glucose/glutamic acid solution is: 205 mg O2/L
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
BOD5 of the test substance FAT 92349/A: 0 mg O2/g.
Executive summary:

The biochemical oxygen demand of FAT - 92349/A was determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 days incubation at 20 °C in different test concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen and containing a seed of microorganisms. The test was carried out according to ISO 5815 Second Edition 1989-08-01 (E). The test substance was tested in concentrations from about 6.5 to 837.9 mg/L. The reference substance D(+)-Glucose / L-Glutamic acid was tested in a concentration of 20 mL/L. Based on the findings of the study, the BOD5 of FAT - 92349/A was determined to be 0 mg O2/g. In another study, COD of FAT 92349/A was determined to be 989 mg O2/g. The resultant BOD/COD ratio was found to be zero indicating the substance to be not biodegradable.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
15 April, 1993 to 29 April, 1993
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.9 (Biodegradation: Zahn-Wellens Test)
Version / remarks:
according to DEV H 41-1, Deutsches Einheits-Verfahren, 1980
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
Mean of 2 determinations instead of 3
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Code number: FAT - 92349/A
- Source and batch No.of test material: 56
- Expiration date of the batch: November, 1997

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature, protected from light
- Solubility of the test substance in the water: 100 g/L (in water)
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium:

OTHER SPECIFICS:
- Purity: 68 %
- Appearance: Solid
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
not specified
Duration of test (contact time):
2 h
Initial conc.:
2.5 mg/L
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
Sample weight: 2.5 mg of the test substance
Temperature: 148 ± 3 °C
Estimation Technique: Titration (Potentiometrie) METROHM Titroprozessor 670 (SAV: 00 111)
Reference substance:
other: Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution (Merck-Nr. 11769)
Remarks on result:
not measured/tested
Key result
Parameter:
COD
Value:
989 g O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
The COD of the reference substance is: 198 mg O2/L
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The COD of FAT 92349/A was determined to be 989 mg O2/g.
Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the test substance. This test was conducted as per EEC Directive 84/449 (1984), Part. C.9, with DEV H 41-1, DEV 1980. A predeterminated amount of the test substance FAT - 92349/A dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate is determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate. The test substance concentration was tested in 2.5 mg/L. The COD of FAT - 92349/A was determined to be 989 mg O2/g. Further in another experiment, the COD for FAT 92349/A were determined to be 0 mg O2/g which gives the BOD5/COD ratio of 0/989 = 0, indicating substance to be not rapidly biodegradable.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
09 June, 1993 to 24 June, 1993
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: EEC-Directive, L133 (pp. 99-105) Volume 31, May 88
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Code number: FAT 92349/A
- Source and batch No.of test material: 56
- Expiration date of the batch: November 1997


STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature, protected from light.
- Solubility of the test substance in the water: 100 g/L (in water)

OTHER SPECIFICS:
- Purity: 68%
- Appearance: Solid
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
other: Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant (ARA-Therwil) collected on 01.06.93
Details on inoculum:
Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant (ARA-Therwil) collected on 01.06.93
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
150 mg/L
Based on:
DOC
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
DOC removal
Details on study design:
The test substance was tested in concentration of 150 mg/L DOC. The reference substance Diethylenglycol was also tested in a concentration of 150 mg/L DOC.

TEST CONDITIONS
- Water/nutrient: according to the specification of the EEC L133 (pp. 99-105) Volume 31 resp. OECD Method 302B.
- Test temperature: 22 ± 3 °C (room temperature)
- Lighting: indirect daylight
Reference substance:
diethylene glycol
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
0
Sampling time:
28 d
Remarks on result:
other: Adsorption after 3 hours: 2.7 %
Results with reference substance:
The bioelimination, corrected by the blank control and measured as DOC (mg/L) is: 99.3 % by 26th day.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The bioelimination of the test substance FAT 92349/A after 28 days was determined to be 0 %.
Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 92349/A was determined in a 28 days Zahn-Wellens - test according to the OECD Guideline 302B. The substance was tested in concentration of 150 mg/L DOC. Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant was used as seeding. Diethyleneglycol was used as a reference substance. Based on the findings of the study, the bioelimination of the test substance FAT - 92349/A after 28 days was determined to be 0 %. The bioelimination, of Diethylene glycol was found to be 99.3 %. FAT 92349/A was not inherently biodegradable.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1974
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Internal Ciba guideline, Method 15
Version / remarks:
Comparable to internationally accepted guidelines. The method is described in the section: "Any other information on materials and methods incl tables".
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Name: FAT 40068/A
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Duration of test (contact time):
5 d
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Key result
Parameter:
BOD5
Value:
320 mg O2/g test mat.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
other: BOD5 determined
Conclusions:
The BOD5 of test substance was found to be 320 mg O2/g.
Executive summary:

The Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) of FAT 40068/A was determined according to in house Ciba Geigy Method A.15, which is comparable to internationally accepted guidelines. Based on these investigations, the BOD5 of test substance was found to be 320 mg O2/g. Considering the COD value determined with the test substance which is 987 mg O2/g, the resulting BOD5/COD quotient is 0.324, indicating that the test substance is unlikely to be biodegradable.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1974
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Internal Ceiba guideline, Method A-16
Version / remarks:
Comparable to internationally accepted guidelines. The method is described in the section: "Any other information on materials and methods incl tables".
Deviations:
not specified
Principles of method if other than guideline:
As per the guideline
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
FAT 40068/A
Oxygen conditions:
other: COD being determined, hence oxygen conditions are not required
Inoculum or test system:
water (not specified)
Initial conc.:
1 g/L
Based on:
not specified
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Preliminary study:
None
Test performance:
None
Key result
Parameter:
COD
Value:
987 mg O2/g test mat.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
no
Interpretation of results:
not readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of FAT 40068/A was determined to be 987 mg COD/g
Executive summary:

The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of FAT 40068/A was determined according to in house Ciba Geigy Methode A.16. Based on the findings of the study, the COD of test substance was found to be 987 mg O2/g. For the test material identified as FAT 40068/A, the BOD5 and COD were calculated to be 320 and 987 mg O2/g, respectively, which gives the BOD5/COD ratio of 0.3 (approx.), proving the test substance to be not rapidly biodegradable.

Description of key information

The inherent biodegradability of FAT - 92'349/A was determined in a 28 days Zahn-Wellens - test according to the OECD Guideline 302B. The test substance was tested in concentration of 150 mg/L DOC. The bioelimination of the test substance FAT - 92'349/A after 28 days was determined to be 0 %. Further, the BOD5 and COD for FAT 92349/A were determined to be 0 and 989 mg O2/g, respectively, which gives the BOD5/COD ratio of 0/989 = 0, indicating substance to be not rapidly biodegradable. For the test material identified as FAT 40068/A, the BOD5 and COD were calculated to be 320 and 987 mg O2/g, respectively, which gives the BOD5/COD ratio of 0.3 (approx.), proving the test substance to be not rapidly biodegradable. Hence, based on the available study data, it was concluded that the test substance is neither readily nor inherently biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information