1-dodecylpyridinium chloride

Acute Toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Data is from experimental study report.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2017

Report date:

2017

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The purpose of this study was to access the toxicological profile of the test item to a single administration via oral route to Sprague-Dawley rats.

GLP compliance:

yes

Test type:

acute toxic class method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1-dodecylpyridinium chloride

EC Number:

203-232-2

EC Name:

1-dodecylpyridinium chloride

Cas Number:

104-74-5

Molecular formula:

C17H30N.Cl

IUPAC Name:

1-dodecylpyridin-1-ium chloride

Details on test material:

- Name of test material : 1-dodecylpyridinium chloride
- Molecular formula : C17H30N.Cl
- Molecular weight : 283.884 g/mol
- Physical state : Solid
- Substance type : Organic
- Smiles notation : [n+]1(ccccc1)CCCCCCCCCCCC.[ClH-]
- InChl : GKQHIYSTBXDYNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Test Item: 1-dodecylpyridinium chloride (CAS No. 104-74-5)
- Source of test material: Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB, Sweden
- Batch No. of test material: 6KBDG
- Manufacturing Date: May; 2017
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: April; 2018
- Consistency: Solid, powder

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Test Item and prepared formulation(s) were stored at ambient temperature.

OTHER SPECIFICS:
Safety Precautions: Safety precautions included use of protective clothing, gloves, masks and eye protection (glasses).

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: National Institute of Biosciences, Pune.
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: Female rats of the age of approximately 8 to 12 weeks old were used at the commencement of its dosing.
- Weight at study initiation: Body weight range was 192.2 to 207.1 grams.
Body weights at the start : Female Mean: 199.74 g (= 100 %); Minimum : 192.2 g (- 3.78 %); Maximum : 207.1 g (+ 3.68 %)
- Identification: Each female rat was individually identified by the picric acid marking.
- Fasting period before study: Approximately 16 hours or more.
- Housing: The rats were housed in polycarbonate cages.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Rodent feed supplied by the Nutrivet Life Sciences, Pune, was provided ad libitum from individual feeders.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Water was provided ad libitum from individual bottles attached to the cages. All water was from a local source and passed through the reverse osmosis membrane before use.
- Acclimation period: 5 days.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.0 to 22.0 degree centigrade.
- Humidity (%): 54.4% to 59.3%
- Air changes (per hr): Ten to fifteen air changes per hour.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): An artificial light and dark cycle of 12 hours each was provided to the room.

IN-LIFE DATES:13-10-2017 to 31-10-2017

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

water

Remarks:

Distilled water

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle:300 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg
MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED: 10 ml/kg body weight.
DOSAGE PREPARATION (if unusual): The test item was dissolved in distilled water. The formulation was prepared fresh. The test item was administered in the dose volume of 10 ml/kg bw.

Doses:

Dose Group I : 300 mg/kg
Dose Group II : 50 mg/kg
Dose Group II : 50 mg/kg

No. of animals per sex per dose:

Three females were used at each step.

Control animals:

not specified

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Twice daily
- Necropsy of survivors performed: Yes
- Other examinations performed: Clinical Observations and General Appearance: Animals were observed for clinical signs, mortality and morbidity, until sacrifice.
Onset, duration and severity of any sign were recorded. The clinical signs and mortality observations were conducted at immediately (0 to 5 minutes), 5, 10, 30, 60 minutes, 2, 4 and 6 hours on the day of dosing and once daily thereafter for 14 day. Daily observation was done as far as possible at the same time.
The observations were included general clinical signs, observations of eyes, mucous membranes, respiratory, circulatory system and behavior pattern.

Body weights: Individual animal body weights were recorded, before fasting, prior to administration of the test item (fasting body weights), weekly thereafter and at termination on day 14. Weight changes were calculated and recorded.

Gross Pathology: Necropsy was performed on all animals, found dead and sacrificed at the end of the study. Macroscopic examination of all the orifices, cavities and tissues were made and the findings were recorded. All animals surviving the study period were sacrificed by the carbon dioxide asphyxiation technique (day 15).

Histopathology: No gross abnormalities were observed in animals sacrificed terminally hence, no histopathology was performed.

Statistics:

not specified

Results and discussion

Preliminary study:

not specified

Effect levels

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 50 - 300 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

Group I Step I : Two animals died at 6 hours and one animal died on day 1 after the dosing.
Group II Step I : All animals survived through the study period of 14 days.
Group II Step II : All animals survived through the study period of 14 days.

Clinical signs:

other: Group I Step I : Animals treated at the dose level of 300 mg/kg body weight resulted in diarrhoea and reduced locomotor activity with onset at 30 minutes to 1 hour after the dosing. Group II Step I : Animals treated at the dose level of 50 mg/kg body wei

Gross pathology:

Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities in all animals from 300 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg dose groups.

Other findings:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table No. I

Summary of Clinical Signs of Toxicity and Mortality

 

Laboratory Test Item Code :TAS/122/054

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Female

Group I :

Step No.	Dose mg/kg	Observed Signs	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days From - to	Mortality
I	300	Diarrhoea	3	1 2 3	1 hr. - 4 hrs. 30 min. - 4 hrs. 1 hr. - 6 hrs.	3/3
		Reduced locomotor activity	3	1 2 3	1 hr. - 4 hrs. 30 min. - 4 hrs. 1 hr. - 6 hrs.

 

Group II :

Step No.	Dose mg/kg	Observed Signs	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days From - to	Mortality
I	50	Diarrhoea	3	4,5 6	1 hr. - 4 hrs. 1 hr. - 6 hrs.	0/3

 

Group II :

Step No.	Dose mg/kg	Observed Signs	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days From - to	Mortality
II	50	Diarrhoea	3	7 8,9	1 hr. - 6 hrs. 1 hr. - 4 hrs.	0/3

 

Table No.II 

Mean Body Weight and Percent Body Weight Gain (g)

 

Laboratory Test Item Code :TAS/122/054

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Female

Group I :

Step No.	Dose (mg/kg body weight)		Before Fasting Body weight	Body weight Day 7	% body weight gain day 0-7	Body weight Day 14	% body weight gain day 7- 14	% body weight gain day 0- 14
I	300	Mean	195.23	-	-	-	-	-
		± SD	2.87	-	-	-	-	-

 

Group II :

Step No.	Dose (mg/kg body weight)		Before Fasting Body weight	Body weight Day 7	% body weight gain day 0-7	Body weight Day 14	% body weight gain day 7- 14	% body weight gain day 0- 14
I	50	Mean	201.77	214.87	6.49	232.20	8.07	15.09
		± SD	3.40	4.15	0.30	5.14	1.78	1.98

Group II :

Step No.	Dose (mg/kg body weight)		Before Fasting Body weight	Body weight Day 7	% body weight gain day 0-7	Body weight Day 14	% body weight gain day 7- 14	% body weight gain day 0- 14
II	50	Mean	202.23	215.20	6.41	232.37	7.97	14.89
		± SD	4.54	5.58	0.58	6.80	0.93	0.85

 

Table No.III

Summary of Gross Pathological Findings

 

Laboratory Test Item Code :TAS/122/054

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Female  Group I :

Step No.	Dose mg/kg	Animal Numbers	Animal Fate	Gross Pathological Findings
I	300	1 - 3	FD	No abnormality detected

Group II : 

Step No.	Dose mg/kg	Animal Numbers	Animal Fate	Gross Pathological Findings
I	50	4 - 6	TS	No abnormality detected

 

Group II : 

Step No.	Dose mg/kg	Animal Numbers	Animal Fate	Gross Pathological Findings
II	50	7 - 9	TS	No abnormality detected

 

                    FD = Found dead

         TS = Terminal sacrifice 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

Category 3 based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

Under the condition of the study, the acute oral LD50 value of the given test chemical was considered in between 50 – 300 mg/kg body weight. Thus, it was concluded that the acute toxicity study of test chemical, when administered via oral route in Sprague Dawley rats falls into the “Category 3” according to criteria of CLP.

Executive summary:

The reported study was designed and conducted to determine the acute oral toxicity profile of the given test chemical as per OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method) in Sprague Dawley rats.

Initially, three female animals were treated at the dose level of 300 mg/kg body weight of the test item (Step - I). Administration of the test item at 300 mg/kg resulted in diarrhoea and reduced locomotor activity with onset at 30 minutes to 1 hour after the dosing. Two animals died at 6 hours and one animal died on day 1 after the dosing.

As mortality was observed at 300 mg/kg dose group, additional three female animals were treated with the lower dose of 50 mg/kg of the test item (Step - I).

Administration of the test item at 50 mg/kg resulted in diarrhoea with onset at 1 hour after the dosing and no mortality at 24 hours after the dosing. As no mortality was observed at 24 hours after the dosing, three additional female animals were added to the study and treated with the dose of 50 mg/kg of the test item (Step - II). Administration of the test item at 50 mg/kg resulted in diarrhoea with onset at 1 hour after the dosing and no mortality at 24 hours after the dosing.

All animals from 50 mg/kg dose group survived through the study period of 14 days. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities in all animals from 300 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg dose groups.

Under the condition of the study, the acute oral LD50 value of the given test chemical was considered in between 50 – 300 mg/kg body weight. Thus, it was concluded that the acute toxicity study of test chemical, when administered via oral route in Sprague Dawley rats falls into the “Category 3” according to criteria of CLP.