1-dodecylpyridinium chloride

Toxicity to microorganisms

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to microorganisms, other

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Data is from peer reviewed journal

Justification for type of information:

Data is from peer reviewed journal

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: as mentioned below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of test material against the model P-( phosphate) accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter junii.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Details on sampling:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on test solutions:

1 mL of mixed suspension was distributed in series of bottles containing different concentration of per 100 mL of simulative wastewater. The concentrations were 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7 mol L-1 for each surfactant.

Test organisms (species):

other: Acinetobacter junii DSM1532

Details on inoculum:

- Laboratory culture: Deutsch Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
- Method of cultivation: nutrient agar
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The bacteria were pregrown on nutrient agar for 20 h at 30±0.1°C to obtain log phase cell culture. The biomass was then resuspended in 10 mL of 0.3% NaCl.
- Pretreatment: not specified
- Initial biomass concentration: not specified

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

other: Simulative wastewater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Hardness:

not specified

Test temperature:

30±0.1°C

pH:

7.00 ± 0.02

Dissolved oxygen:

not specified

Salinity:

not specified

Conductivity:

not specified

Nominal and measured concentrations:

10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7 mol L-1

Details on test conditions:

Simulative wastewater:
The composition of the simulative wastewater (prepared in 1L of distilled water) was as follows:
Na-propionate, 300 mg;
peptone, 100 mg;
MgSO4, 10 mg;
CaCl2, 6 mg;
KCl, 30 mg;
yeast extract, 20 mg;
KH2PO4, 88 mg.
The pH of the synthetic wastewater was adjusted to 7.00 ± 0.02 with 1 M HCl or 1 M NaOH before autoclaving (15 min at 121°C).
The average characteristics of simulative wastewater were: chemical oxygen demand (KPK), 680 mg/L; biological oxygen demand in 5 days (BOD5), 310 mg O2/l; total organic carbon (TOC), 189 mg/l; P, 20 mg/l

Control: The control contained no test chemical.
Other: The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

The broth bottle syringe method of YTT (Yeast toxicity test) was used to compare the toxicity obtained against A. junii with the standardized toxicity test. Yeast used was S. cerevisiae.

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0 mol/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

Details on results:

The inhibition of the P-uptake rates was determined to be 7.3± 2.6 x 10-5 mol L-1.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Reported statistics and error estimates:

not specified

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The estimated EC50 values of the test material for growth inhibition of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacteriumAcinetobacter junii was 1.4±0.5 x 10-6 mol/ L (0.3974 mg/L).

Executive summary:

The antibacterial effect of cationic surfactant against the pure culture of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacteriumAcinetobacter junii was investigated. The bacteria were pregrown on nutrient agar for 20 h at 30±0.1°C to obtain log phase cell culture. The biomass was then resuspended in 10 mL of 0.3% NaCl and 1 mL of mixed suspension was distributed in series of bottles containing different concentration of test material per 100 mL of simulative wastewater. The concentrations used were 10e-4, 10e-5, 10e-6, 10e-7 mol/L. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The broth bottle syringe method of YTT (Yeast toxicity test) was used to compare the toxicity obtained against A. junii with the standardized toxicity test. Yeast used was S. cerevisiae. The control contained no test chemical. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The EC50 values of the test material (D for growth inhibition of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter junii was 1.4±0.5 x 10-6 mol/ L (0.3974 mg/L). Thus based on the above data, it can be considered that the substance test material is toxic to microorganisms.

Description of key information

The antibacterial effect of cationic surfactant against the pure culture of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacteriumAcinetobacter juniiwas investigated. The bacteria were pregrown on nutrient agar for 20 h at 30±0.1°C to obtain log phase cell culture. The biomass was then resuspended in 10 mL of 0.3% NaCl and 1 mL of mixed suspension was distributed in series of bottles containing different concentration of test material per 100 mL of simulative wastewater. The concentrations used were 10e-4, 10e-5, 10e-6, 10e-7 mol/L. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The broth bottle syringe method of YTT (Yeast toxicity test) was used to compare the toxicity obtained againstA. juniiwith the standardized toxicity test. Yeast used wasS. cerevisiae.The control contained no test chemical. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm.The EC50 values of the test material (D for growth inhibition of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacteriumAcinetobacter juniiwas 1.4±0.5 x 10-6 mol/ L (0.3974 mg/L). Thus based on the above data, it can be considered that the substance test material is toxic to microorganisms.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for microorganisms:

0.397 mg/L

Additional information

Experimental study of the test chemical and supporting study for its read across chemical were reviewed for toxicity to microorganisms end point which are summarized as below:

The antibacterial effect of cationic surfactant against the pure culture of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter junii was investigated. The bacteria were pregrown on nutrient agar for 20 h at 30±0.1°C to obtain log phase cell culture. The biomass was then resuspended in 10 mL of 0.3% NaCl and 1 mL of mixed suspension was distributed in series of bottles containing different concentration of test material per 100 mL of simulative wastewater. The concentrations used were 10e-4, 10e-5, 10e-6, 10e-7 mol/L. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The broth bottle syringe method of YTT (Yeast toxicity test) was used to compare the toxicity obtained against A. junii with the standardized toxicity test. Yeast used was S. cerevisiae. The control contained no test chemical. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The EC50 values of the test material (D for growth inhibition of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter junii was 1.4±0.5 x 10-6 mol/ L (0.3974 mg/L). Thus based on the above data, it can be considered that the substance test material is toxic to microorganisms.

 

The above data was further supported by data from peer reviewed journal for read across substance, the antibacterial effect of cationic surfactant against the pure culture of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter juniiwas investigated. The bacteria were pregrown on nutrient agar for 20 h at 30±0.1°C to obtain log phase cell culture. The biomass was then resuspended in 10 mL of 0.3% NaCl and 1 mL of mixed suspension was distributed in series of bottles containing different concentration of Test material per 100 mL of simulative wastewater. The concentrations used were 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7mol L-1. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The broth bottle syringe method of YTT (Yeast toxicity test) was used to compare the toxicity obtained against A. Junii with the standardized toxicity test. Yeast used was S. cerevisiae. The control contained no test chemical. The bottles were sealed with a sterile gum cap and thereafter purged with filtered air during a 24-hour incubation in a temperature-controlled water bath shaker at 30±0.1°C and 70 rpm. The estimated EC50 values of the test material for growth inhibition of phosphate (P)-accumulating bacterium Acinetobacter junii was 4.9±1.3 x 10-7 mol L-1. Thus based on the above data, it can be considered that the test substance is toxic to microorganisms.