Cesium formate

Acute Toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From August 5, 2009 to September 3, 2009

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2009

Report date:

2009

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

humidity was outside the protocol range but did not affect study outcome

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test type:

other: Limit test

Limit test:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Cesium formate

EC Number:

222-492-8

EC Name:

Cesium formate

Cas Number:

3495-36-1

Molecular formula:

HCO2.Cs, Cs+HCOO-, CH2O2.Cs

IUPAC Name:

Caesium formate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cesium formate (solution)
- Physical state: liquid

Test animals

Species:

other: albino rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Texas Animal Specialities, Humble, TX
- Weight at study initiation: Males: 232-269 g,
Females: 178-197 g
- Housing: Cage was suspended,wire bottom,stainless steel
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): PMI feeds Inc. Formulab#5008,Ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Municipal water supply analysed by TCEQ water utilities division;tap water,ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 7 d

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21-22 ⁰C
- Humidity (%): 54-92% (humidity was outside the protocol range but did not affect study outcome.
- Air changes (per hr): 10-12 air changes/h
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 h light/dark cycle

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:

not specified

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on dermal exposure:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Dorsal surface of the trunk
- % coverage: 10%
- Type of wrap if used: Non-irritationg adhesive tape

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Yes
- Time after start of exposure: 24 h

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 2000 mg/kg (2528 mg/kg of the solution)
- Constant volume or concentration used: Yes

Duration of exposure:

24 h

Doses:

Single dose of 2000 mg/kg bw of test substance (2528 mg/kg bw of solution as received, consisting of 79.1 % test substance)

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 males/dose
5 females/dose

Control animals:

not required

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Three times on the day of dosing (day 0) and once daily for 14 days.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: Yes
- Other examinations performed: Clinical signs, body weight,organ weights, histopathology, other: Body weight were recorded just prior to dosing and on Day 7 and 14, Dermal irritation was measured at approx. 60 mins after removal of wrapping and on Day 4, 7, 11,14

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Key result

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

act. ingr.

Mortality:

No mortality

Clinical signs:

The only clinical sign was red crusts around the eye of one animal on Days 7-14 (female).

Body weight:

No effect on the bodyweight gain, except one animal that lost weight during second week.

Gross pathology:

No observable abnormalities in gross necropsy, except an empty stomach in one animal.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Under the study conditions the estimated LD50 of test substance was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bw.

Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the dermal toxicity and relative skin irritancy of the test substance according to OECD Guideline 402, in compliance with GLP.A single dose of 2000 mg/kg bw of test substance (2528 mg/kg bw of solution as received, consisting of 79.1% test substance) was applied to the intact skin of albino rats. No mortality occurred during the study. The only clinical sign was red crust around the eye of one animal on Days 7 - 14. There were no signs of dermal irritation and no effect on body weight gain (except one animal that lost weight during second week). No observable abnormalities in gross necropsy (except an empty stomach in one animal) were noted.Under the study conditions, the LD50 of the test substance was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bw (Kuhn, 2009).