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EC number: 224-832-0 | CAS number: 4511-42-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Recent GLP study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 992
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- L-(+)-lactic acid
- EC Number:
- 201-196-2
- EC Name:
- L-(+)-lactic acid
- Cas Number:
- 79-33-4
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
- Details on test material:
- 80% aqueous solution of lactic acid.
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: measured at 24 (fresh solutions) and 48 hours (spent solutions)
- Sampling method: separation of 250 ml from the bulk of the solution
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: NA
Test solutions
- Details on test solutions:
- Dilutions with water of a stock solution of 1000 mg/L (test material in water).
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- The organism used was the fresh-water fish species Brachydanio rerio from the commer- cial hatchery M.B. Ruysbroek B.V.(Noordvliet 159,Maassluis). The average total length and weight (± standard deviation) were 2.l ±0.17 cm and 0.07 ± 0.018 g respectively.
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 220 mg CaCO3 L-1
- Test temperature:
- ca. 24.5 degrees C
- pH:
- Dependent on lactic acid concentration. pH of medium 8.0. pH of highest test concentration 3.25
- Dissolved oxygen:
- ≥ 7.3 mg L-1
- Salinity:
- Dutch Standard Water (the test medium) is a fresh reconstituted water.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal lactic acid 0, 80 144, 256 mg/L; actual 0-5, 45-60, 105-110, 180-210 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 2000 mL glass beakers, 1500 mL medium
- Aeration: only before adding fish
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): once a day
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.7g / 1500 mL
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: DSWL
- Total organic carbon: 2 mg/L
- Metals: Na 1.26 mmol/L, K 0.23 mmol/L, Ca 1.41mmol/L , Mg 0.71 mmol/L
- Chlorine: 2.81 mmol/L
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: NA
- Photoperiod: 16 h light 8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: expected effect concentration significantly higher than C&L limit. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 180 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 320 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 195 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- No relevant details
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- NA
Any other information on results incl. tables
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Results are based on nominal concentrations.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Lactic acid LC50 to D. rerio = 195 mg/L
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of the test substance, a solution of about 80% L(+) lactic acid, to the fresh-water fish species Brachydanio rerio was determined as described in the OECD Guideline no. 203 (ref. 1) and accotding to the OECD principles of Good Laboratory Prac- tice (ref. 2).
The test was carried out as a semi-static test with daily replacement of the test solutions and with 10 fishes for each concentration. The exposure duration was 96 houirs. The nominal concentrations tested were 100,180,320,560 and 1000 mg.H.
The test substance appeared to be completely dissolved at all concentrations tested (visually assessed). The actual concentrations of L(+)lactic acid were determined enzymatically with a Boehringer test kit.They were between 70% and 77% of the nominal concentrations just after dosing (average 74%). To test the stability the concentrations of L(+) lactic acid were also analysed just before renewal and were between 56% and 82% of the nominal concen- tration (average 70%).
The results of the test were (in nominal concentrations):
48hLC50(mortality) 96hLC50(mortality) 96h LC100 (mortality) 96hNOEC(mortality =96hLCO) 96h NOEC (condition)
: 320 : 320 :560 :320 :320
mg.H mg.!'1 mg.H mg.1'1*) mg.1'1
The concentrations quoted in this report to the test substance (a solution of about 80% L(+) lactic acid) as supplied by sponsor.
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