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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

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Administrative data

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Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Data waiving:
study scientifically not necessary / other information available
Justification for data waiving:
other:
Justification for type of information:
The complete waiving justification is detailled in the document "toxicity to terrestrial arthropods_waiving" below.
The studies mentionned in the justification enclosed are detailled as weight of evidence in the other endpoints of the section 6.3.2 of the IUCLID dossier.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not applicable
Conclusions:
This end-point is waived as such a study is scientifically unjustified. MMVF note Q fibres have a low potential for crossing biological membranes and the leached inorganic species will not pass into the lipid phase. Thus, it is evaluated that MMVF note Q fibres will have no toxic effects on terrestrial arthropods.
Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
not specified
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
“Arthropods have a great variety in their feeding mode according to their type of mouthparts (grinders, biters and suckers)”
Conclusions:
“Arthropods have a great variety in their feeding mode according to their type of mouthparts (grinders, biters and suckers)”
Executive summary:

Arthropods have a great variety in their feeding mode according to their type of mouthparts (grinders, biters and suckers)”

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
not specified
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
secondary literature
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
“Arthropods exhibit every type of feeding mode. They include carnivores, herbivores, detritus feeders, filter feeders, and parasites. »
Conclusions:
“Arthropods exhibit every type of feeding mode. They include carnivores, herbivores, detritus feeders, filter feeders, and parasites. »
Executive summary:

“Arthropods exhibit every type of feeding mode. They include carnivores, herbivores, detritus feeders, filter feeders, and parasites. »

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
other: ECHA documentation
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: ECHA official guidance
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
Guidance used for the description of the registration exemption conditions of glass.
Conclusions:
Guidance used for the description of the registration exemption conditions of glass.
Executive summary:

Guidance used for the description of the registration exemption conditions of glass.

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
other: Scientific demonstration of the glass exemption by Glass Alliance Europe
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Robust scientific argumentation
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed - scientific review.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
Glass is a substance of variable composition, which for simplicity is expressed by convention in terms of oxide of the constituents’ elements (SiO2, Na2O, CaO, B2O3, etc). Although conventionally, glass compositions are expressed as oxides of the different components, glass is a non-crystalline or vitreous inorganic macromolecular structure, which does not contain the chemical components of the different raw materials.
The glass classification is normally made considering the chemical composition. The DRAFT GLASS BREF gives four main categories:
• soda-lime-silica glass
• borosilicate glass
• lead crystal glass
• specialty glass

The principle glass compositions for each common type of glass are shown below. As stated glass may contain minor constituents but these are normally below 1%. This dossier should not be interpreted as covering glasses where such minor constituents exceed 1% unless supported by test evidence.
Soda-lime-silica glass represents more than 95 % of the glass produced in Europe. A typical soda-limesilica glass composition is normally included between the following percentages:
• 71-75 % silicon dioxide (derived mainly from quartz sand)
• 12-16 % sodium oxide (mainly from soda ash)
• 10-15 % calcium oxide (mainly from limestone)
• 0.5-3 % aluminium oxide (mainly from feldspar or oxides of aluminium)

Low levels (normally below 1 % w/w) of other components can be present to impart specific properties to the glass.
Conclusions:
Soda-lime-silica glass represents more than 95 % of the glass produced in Europe. A typical soda-lime-silica glass composition is normally included between the following percentages:
71-75 % silicon dioxide (derived mainly from quartz sand)
12-16 % sodium oxide (mainly from soda ash)
10-15 % calcium oxide (mainly from limestone)
0.5-3 % aluminium oxide (mainly from feldspar or oxides of aluminium)
Executive summary:

Soda-lime-silica glass represents more than 95 % of the glass produced in Europe. A typical soda-lime-silica glass composition is normally included between the following percentages:

71-75 % silicon dioxide (derived mainly from quartz sand)

12-16 % sodium oxide (mainly from soda ash)

10-15 % calcium oxide (mainly from limestone)

0.5-3 % aluminium oxide (mainly from feldspar or oxides of aluminium)

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
not specified
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
secondary literature
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
“Minerals are inorganic nutrients, usually required in small amounts from less than 1 to 2500 mg per day, depending on the mineral. […]Magnesium, copper, selenium, zinc, iron, manganese and molybdenum are important co-factors found in the structure of certain enzymes and are indispensable in numerous biochemical pathways. […]. Magnesium is an important component of chlorophyll in plants.
Conclusions:
“Minerals are inorganic nutrients, usually required in small amounts from less than 1 to 2500 mg per day, depending on the mineral. […]Magnesium, copper, selenium, zinc, iron, manganese and molybdenum are important co-factors found in the structure of certain enzymes and are indispensable in numerous biochemical pathways. […]. Magnesium is an important component of chlorophyll in plants.
Executive summary:

“Minerals are inorganic nutrients, usually required in small amounts from less than 1 to 2500 mg per day, depending on the mineral. […]Magnesium, copper, selenium, zinc, iron, manganese and molybdenum are important co-factors found in the structure of certain enzymes and are indispensable in numerous biochemical pathways. […]. Magnesium is an important component of chlorophyll in plants.

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
not specified
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
3 (not reliable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study well documented but wth deficiencies
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed on terrestrial arthropods.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
Glass fertilizers (GF) are a new type of advanced and controlled release fertilizers which are made of glass matrixes containing the most useful macro elements (K, P, Mg, S, Ca) for plants and also incorporate some other microelements (B, Fe, Mo, Cu, Zn, Mn) required for the correct growth and development of crops or plants.
Conclusions:
Glass fertilizers (GF) are a new type of advanced and controlled release fertilizers which are made of glass matrixes containing the most useful macro elements (K, P, Mg, S, Ca) for plants and also incorporate some other microelements (B, Fe, Mo, Cu, Zn, Mn) required for the correct growth and development of crops or plants.
Executive summary:

Glass fertilizers (GF) are a new type of advanced and controlled release fertilizers which are made of glass matrixes containing the most useful macro elements (K, P, Mg, S, Ca) for plants and also incorporate some other microelements (B, Fe, Mo, Cu, Zn, Mn) required for the correct growth and development of crops or plants.

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term
Type of information:
other: Scientific review of the impact of REACH on glass
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
No testing performed.
GLP compliance:
not specified
Key result
Dose descriptor:
other: not applicable
Effect conc.:
ca. 0 other: not applicable
Conc. based on:
other: not applicable
Basis for effect:
other: not applicable
Remarks on result:
other: not applicable
Details on results:
Glass is fundamentall non-crystalline solids characterised by a lack of translational order of their atomic structure. Glass is also characterized by the absence of any microstructure. It is an essentially isotropic material without any internal phase boundaries. From a thermodynamic point of view, glass is an undercooled frozen-in liquid.
From the REACH point of view, glass is an UVCB substance and not a mixture. The industrial glass is made of the following raw materials: sand (SiO2), feldspar (NaAlSi3O8), dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), limestone (CaCO3), soda ash (Na2CO3) and some other oxides in small quantities.

The raw materials are simplified as pure substances featuring the man pahse of real raw material only. The resulting glass has an oxide omposition expressed in terms of SiO2, MgO.... which is a realistic representative of a typical container glass, but it should be kept in mind that glass present no internal phase boundaries. Some of the raw materials available may be classified as harmful. But during the melting process, the raw materials lose their identities as individual substances and form a homogeneous melt. Their chemical properties are no longer reflected by the resulting glass. The individual entities form building blocks (at the atomic scale) of a new non-cristalline matrix that chemically behaves in a way different from any of the raw materials. Chemically, the matrix as a whole behaves like a substance of its own.
Conclusions:
Glass under REACH is an UVCB substance. During the melting process, the raw materials lose their identities as individual substances and form a homogeneous melt. Their chemical properties are no longer reflected by the resulting glass.
It is exempted from registration under the entry 11 of the REACH annex V.
Executive summary:

Glass under REACH is an UVCB substance. During the melting process, the raw materials lose their identities as individual substances and form a homogeneous melt. Their chemical properties are no longer reflected by the resulting glass.

It is exempted from registration under the entry 11 of the REACH annex V.

Description of key information

No adverse effects have been identified in terrestrial arthropods, therefore according to the section 1 of the Annex XI of REACH, OECD tests cited below are scientifically not justified :

- OECD 213 (Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test);

- OECD 214 (Honeybees, Acute Contact Toxicity Test);

- OECD 226 (Predatory mite, Reproduction test in soil);

- OECD 228 (Determination of Developmental Toxicity of a Test Chemical to Dipteran Dung Files);

- OECD 232 (Collembolan Reproduction Test in soil).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information