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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to fish

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
23.03.1989 - 27-03-1989
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
comparable to guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EPA OTS 797.1400 (Fish Acute Toxicity Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
purity: 99.72 % (glacial MAA). Lot 5-0523-88. received from Rohm and Hass Company. Light yellow liquid stored at room temperature
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
Samples for analytical measurements were taken at 0 and 96 hrs. Comtrol and glacial MAA fortified samples were also determined at each sampling period.
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
A diluter stock solution (38 mg/ml) was prepared by dissolving 76 g of test substance in 2 liters of dilution water. The injector volume was adjusted
to deliver 5 ml of stock to 1.9 liters of dilution water.
Test organisms (species):
Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
Details on test organisms:
Lot 5588 from Mt Lassen Trout Farms in Red Bluff, CA.
Control fish had a mean weight of 1.0 g and a mean length of 41 mm at the end of the test. The biomass loading was 0.093 g/l/day. Fish were temperature acclimated in the absence of food for 72 hours before intiation of the test.
Test type:
flow-through
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Hardness:
47 - 48 mg CaCO3/l
Test temperature:
11 - 12 °C
pH:
5.3 - 7.8
Dissolved oxygen:
8.2 - 9.4 mg/l
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal 6.5, 13, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
Measured 6.2, 12, 23, 46, and 97 mg/L
Details on test conditions:
Twenty fish per concentration plus a dilution water control were used in a duplicate nominal dosing regimine. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH measured at all test concentrations at 0, 48 and 96 hours.
Details:
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter):
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate):
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate:

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ABC's Aquatic Toxicology Divisiona
- Total organic carbon: <1 ppm
- Particulate matter: 0.30 mg/1
- Pesticides: < 0.5 to < 0.9 ppb
- PCB: <0.50 ppb
- Alkalinity: 52-.62 mg/1 (as CaC0 3 )
- Ca/mg ratio: 47-48 mg/1 (as CaC0 3 )
- pH: 7.5-7. 7
-Conductivity: 120-122 μMhos/cm

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations:
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline:
- Range finding study : Two range finding studies at 1, 10 and 100 mg/l and at 100 mg/l.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: definitive flow-through test was performed to be run at a nominal high concentration of 100 mg/l
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
12 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
85 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Details on results:
65 % mortality ocurred at 97 mg/L. Sublethal behavior responses were noted in the 23, 46 and 97 mg/L groups.
Reported statistics and error estimates:
Statistical analysis of the concentration vs. effect data (generally mortality) was obtained by employing a computerized LC50 program developed by Stephan et al. This program calculated the LC50 and its 95% confidence limits by using the binomial, moving average and probit tests.
Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Mortality during the acute flow-through toxicity test of methacrylic acid to Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Meas. Test conc. [mg/l]

Number placed in Test

24-hour mortality

48-hour mortality

72-hour mortality

96-hour mortality

control

20

0

0

0

0

6.2

20

0

0

0

0

12

20

0

0

0

0

23

20

0

0

0

0

46

20

0

0

0

0

97

20

0

1

8

13

 

Water Quality Measurements During the Acute Flow-Through Toxicity Test of Methacrylic Acid to Rainbow Trout (Salme gairdneri)

Average

Measured

Concentration

mg/l

Water Quality

 

O hours

48 hours

96 hours

 

Temp C°

D.O

mg/l

pH

Temp C°

D.O

mg/l

pH

Temp C°

D.O

mg/l

pH

control

12/12

9.4/9.3

7.6/7.7

12/12

8.8/8.5

7.8/7.8

11/11

8.4/8.2

7.7/7.8

6.2

12/12

9.3/9.3

7.5/7.5

12/12

8.4/8.5

7.5/7.6

12/12

8.3/8.4

7.6/7.5

12

12/12

9.4/9.3

7.4/7.3

11/11

8.5/8.5

7.3/7.4

11/11

8.3/8.4

7.4/7.4

23

12/12

9.3/9.3

7 .1/7 .0

11/11

8.5/8.5

7 .0/7 .1

11/11

8.4/8.4

7.1/7.1

46

12/12

9.3/9.3

6.6/6.5

12/12

8.6/8.6

6.6/6.7

12/12

8.4/8.3

6.6/6.7

97

12/12

9.3/9.1

5.3/5.4

12/12

8.5/8.5

5.4/5.4

12/12

8.4/8.5

5.4/5.4

dissolved oxygen concentrations

LC50Values with 95% Confidence Limits for the 96-Hour Flow-Through Toxicity Study of Methacrylic Acid

with Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Exposure Period

Hours·

LC50a

mg/l

24

>97

48

>97

72

>97

96

 

aan accurate LC50with 95% confidence limits could not be calculated due to insufficient mortality.

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
In a valid guideline study with Salmo gairdneri (new name: Oncorhynchus mykiss), the 96 hr LC50 of methacrylic acid was 85 mg/L.
Executive summary:

In an acute toxicity study to fish (ABC Laboratory 1990) under flow through conditions ( EPA OTS 797.1400) with Salmo gairdneri (new name: Oncorhynchus mykiss), methacrylic acid was testet in duplicate at nominal test concentrations of 6.5, 13, 25, 50 and 100 mg/l up to 96 hours. LC50 (96 h) was estimated to be 85 mg/l based on the mean measured concentrations of 6.2, 12, 23, 46 and 97 mg/l.

Description of key information

In an acute toxicity study to fish (ABC Laboratory 1990) under flow through conditions ( EPA OTS 797.1400) with Salmo gairdneri (new name: Oncorhynchus mykiss), methacrylic acid was testet in duplicate at nominal test concentrations of 6.5, 13, 25, 50 and 100 mg/l up to 96 hours. LC50 (96 h) was estimated to be 85 mg/l based on the mean measured concentrations of 6.2, 12, 23, 46 and 97 mg/l.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Remarks:
96 h
Effect concentration:
85 mg/L

Additional information

In an additional acute toxicity test acc.OECD 203 (Degussa 1990) methacrylic acid was tested 201 at nominal concentrations of 32, 56, 100, 180 and 320 mg/l. LC50 (96h) and NOEC (96h) were > 100 mg/l. LC100 was 180 mg/l, based on nominal concentrations.

The marine ecotoxicity of Methacrylic acid to marine fish (Sverdrup 2001) was tested in an acute test ( OSPAR Protocols on Methods for the Testing of Chemicals Used in the Offshore Oil Industry, 1995)

acc. with Scophthalmus maximus (Turbot). The 96 h LC50 in the marine fish Scophthalmus maximus (Turbot) was 833 mg/L. The corresponding freshwater 96h-LC50 in the key study was 85 mg/L in Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout).