Sodium dichromate

Guidance on Safe Use

First-aid measures

Inhalation:

Get medical attention immediately. Call a poison center or physician. Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. If it is suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or self-contained breathing apparatus. If not breathing, if breathing is irregular or if respiratory arrest occurs, provide artificial respiration or oxygen by trained personnel. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately. Maintain an open airway. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. In the event of any complaints or symptoms, avoid further exposure.

Ingestion:

Get medical attention immediately. Allow the patient to drink 5 - 10 g ascorbic acid (not effervescent tablets) dissolved in water. This dose can be repeated several times.

Skin contact:

In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Get medical attention immediately. If the skin becomes scratched or wounded, dab it with saturated gauze pads or compresses using a freshly made up ascorbic acid solution (10 g in 100 g water). Seek medical advice immediately. Give the patient 2 g ascorbic acid (vitamin C) immediately.

Eye contact:

Get medical attention immediately. Call a poison center or physician. Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Check for and remove any contact lenses. Continue to rinse for at least 10 minutes. Chemical burns must be treated promptly by a physician.

Fire-fighting measures

Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media:

In case of fire, use water spray (fog), foam, dry chemical or CO2.

Unsuitable extinguishing media:

None known.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture

Hazards from the substance or mixture:

Oxidising material. May intensify fire. This material is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Fire water contaminated with this material must be contained and prevented from being discharged to any waterway, sewer or drain.

Hazardous combustion products:

Decomposition products may include the following materials: metal oxide/oxides

Advice for fire-fighters

Special precautions for fire-fighters:

Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if there is a fire. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. Move containers from fire area if this can be done without risk. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

Special protective equipment for fire-fighters:

Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode. Clothing for fire-fighters (including helmets, protective boots and gloves) conforming to European standard EN 469 will provide a basic level of protection for chemical incidents.

Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

For non-emergency personnel:

No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering. Do not touch or walk through spilt material. Shut off all ignition sources. No flares, smoking or flames in hazard area. Provide adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Put on appropriate personal protective equipment. Evacuate surrounding areas.

For emergency responders:

If specialised clothing is required to deal with the spillage, take note of any information on suitable and unsuitable materials. See also the information in "For non-emergency personnel".

Environmental precautions:

Avoid dispersal of spilt material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers. Inform the relevant authorities if the product has caused environmental pollution (sewers, waterways, soil or air). Water polluting material. Collect spillage.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Small spill:

Move containers from spill area. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Avoid dust generation. Do not dry sweep. Vacuum dust with equipment fitted with a HEPA filter and place in a closed, labeled waste container. Place spilled material in a designated, labeled waste container. Dispose of via a licensed waste disposal contractor.

Large spill:

Move containers from spill area. Prevent entry into sewers, water courses, basements or confined areas. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Approach the release from upwind. Avoid dust generation. Do not dry sweep. Vacuum dust with equipment fitted with a HEPA filter and place in a closed, labeled waste container. Dispose of via a licensed waste disposal contractor.

Handling and storage

Precautions for safe handling

Protective measures:

Put on appropriate personal protective equipment. Persons with a history of skin sensitisation problems or asthma, allergies or chronic or recurrent respiratory disease should not be employed in any process in which this product is used. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. Avoid exposure during pregnancy. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Do not ingest. Avoid release to the environment. Use only with adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Keep in the original container or an approved alternative made from a compatible material, kept tightly closed when not in use. Keep away from clothing, incompatible materials and combustible materials. Keep away from heat. Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous.

Advice on general occupational hygiene:

Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is handled, stored and processed. Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking. Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating areas.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Store in accordance with local regulations. Store in original container protected from direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials and food and drink. Store locked up. Separate from reducing agents and combustible materials. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Do not store in unlabelled containers. Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination.

Seveso Directive - Reporting thresholds (in tonnes):

Danger criteria

Category: H2: Acute toxicity 2 any route of entry or Acute toxicity 3 Inhalation route of entry

Notification and MAPP threshold: 50

Safety report threshold: 200

Category: P8: Oxidizing liquids and solids

Notification and MAPP threshold: 50

Safety report threshold: 300

Category: E1: Hazardous to the aquatic environment - Acute 1 or

Chronic 1

Notification and MAPP threshold: 100

Safety report threshold: 200

Category: C1: Very toxic

Notification and MAPP threshold: 5

Safety report threshold: 20

Category: C3: Oxidising

Notification and MAPP threshold: 50

Safety report threshold: 200

Category: C9i: Very toxic for the environment

Notification and MAPP threshold: 100

Safety report threshold: 200

Specific end use(s):

Recommendations:

Not available.

Industrial sector specific solutions:

Not available.

Transport information

Shipping

SpecialProvisions

Shipping

Remarks

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

Shipping

Remarks

Shipping

Remarks

SpecialProvisions

Exposure controls / personal protection

Control parameters

Exposure limit values:

Not available.

Recommended monitoring procedures:  

If this product contains ingredients with exposure limits, personal, workplace atmosphere or biological monitoring may be required to determine the effectiveness of the ventilation or other control measures and/or the necessity to use respiratory protective equipment. Reference should be made to monitoring standards, such as the following: European Standard EN 689 (Workplace atmospheres - Guidance for the assessment of exposure by inhalation to chemical agents for comparison with limit values and measurement strategy) European Standard EN 14042 (Workplace atmospheres - Guide for the application and use of procedures for the assessment of exposure to chemical and biological agents) European Standard EN 482 (Workplace atmospheres - General requirements for the performance of procedures for the measurement of chemical agents) Reference to national guidance documents for methods for the determination of hazardous substances will also be required.

Exposure controls

Appropriate engineering controls:

Use only with adequate ventilation. Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep worker exposure to airborne contaminants below any recommended or statutory limits. In cases of accident and where waste is generated, procedural and/or control technologies shall be used to minimise emissions and the resulting exposure during purification or cleaning and maintenance procedures. Procedural and control technologies shall be used that minimise emission and any resulting exposure. The substance shall be rigorously contained by technical means during its whole lifecycle including manufacture, purification, cleaning and maintenance of equipment, sampling, analysis, loading and unloading of equipment or vessels, waste disposal or purification and storage.

Individual protection measures

Hygiene measures:

Wash hands, forearms and face thoroughly after handling chemical products, before eating, smoking and using the lavatory and at the end of the working period. Appropriate techniques should be used to remove potentially contaminated clothing. Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. Wash contaminated clothing before reusing. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation location.

Eye/face protection:

Safety eyewear complying with an approved standard should be used when a risk assessment indicates this is necessary to avoid exposure to liquid splashes, mists, gases or dusts. If contact is possible, the following protection should be worn, unless the assessment indicates a higher degree of protection: chemical splash goggles and/or face shield. If inhalation hazards exist, a full-face respirator may be required instead.

Recommended: Tightly fitting safety goggles.

Skin protection

Hand protection:

Chemical-resistant, impervious gloves complying with an approved standard should be worn at all times when handling chemical products if product contact cannot be excluded. Considering the parameters specified by the glove manufacturer, check during use that the gloves are still retaining their protective properties. It should be noted that the time to breakthrough for any glove material may be different for different glove manufacturers. In the case of mixtures, consisting of several substances, the protection time of the gloves cannot be accurately estimated. After contamination with product change the gloves immediately and dispose of them according to relevant national and local regulations.

Recommended: (< 1 hour) Nitrile rubber - NBR

Other skin protection:

Personal protective equipment for the body should be selected based on the task being performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a specialist before handling this product.

Recommended: chemical-resistant protective suit

Respiratory protection:

If exposure cannot be ruled out, e.g. during product transfer, sampling or maintenance, a well-fitting respiratory mask conforming to standards or well-fitting respiratory device conforming to standards must be worn. Respirator selection must be based on known or anticipated exposure levels, the hazards of the product and the safe working limits of the selected respirator.

Recommended: Full mask with type ABEK filter P3

Environmental exposure controls:

In some cases, special waste water treatment, fume scrubbers, filters or engineering modifications to the process equipment will be necessary to reduce emissions to acceptable levels.

Stability and reactivity

Reactivity:

No specific test data related to reactivity available for this product or its ingredients.

Chemical stability:

The product is stable.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:

Hazardous reactions or instability may occur under certain conditions of storage or use.

Conditions may include the following: contact with combustible materials

Reactions may include the following: risk of causing or intensifying fire

Conditions to avoid:

No specific data.

Incompatible materials:

Reactive or incompatible with the following materials: combustible materials, reducing materials

Hazardous decomposition products:

Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products should not be produced.

Disposal considerations

Waste treatment methods

Product

Methods of disposal:

The generation of waste should be avoided or minimised wherever possible. Disposal of this product, solutions and any by-products should at all times comply with the requirements of environmental protection and waste disposal legislation and any regional local authority requirements. Dispose of surplus and non-recyclable products via a licensed waste disposal contractor. Waste should not be disposed of untreated to the sewer unless fully compliant with the requirements of all authorities with jurisdiction.

Hazardous waste:

The classification of the product may meet the criteria for a hazardous waste.

Packaging

Methods of disposal:

The generation of waste should be avoided or minimised wherever possible. Waste packaging should be recycled. Incineration or landfill should only be considered when recycling is not feasible.

Special precautions:

This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. Care should be taken when handling emptied containers that have not been cleaned or rinsed out. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. Avoid dispersal of spilt material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers.