Diarsenic trioxide

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Application method:

soil

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Na2HAsO4.7H2O

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

100 mg aliquot of dry soil sub-sample digested in a 3:1:1 (v/v/v) mixture of HF, HClO4 and HNO3 at 180°C for 45 min in a closed microwave digestion device

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

spraying As aqueous solution to a thin layer of soil and thoroughly mixed

Test organisms (species):

Folsomia candida

Animal group:

Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

28 d

Remarks:

15 or 150 days aging after spiking prior to testing

Test temperature:

20 °C

pH (if soil or dung study):

JX red soil: 4.91
GD red soil: 4.94
HUN paddy soil: 6.6
AH yellow-brown soil: 5.29
HLJ black soil: 5.78
YN yellowish-red soil: 6.93
CQ purple soil: 6.4
SX loessal soil: 8.25
HN fluvoaquic soil: 8.35
XJ gray desert soil: 8.17

Humidity:

55 - 60% of WHC

Photoperiod and lighting:

16h light/8h dark regime

Details on test conditions:

Ten 10–12 d old juveniles were transferred to each test jar. Four replicates of each As concentration treatment were performed. The Folsomia candida in each jar were fed a few grains of dried yeast once each week. The moisture content of the soil in each jar was checked by weighing the jar, and deionized water was added as necessary to maintain the desired moisture content. This process also involved aerating the soil in each jar.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

For soils with pH > 8: nominal concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg As/kg soil dry weight
For other soils: nominal concentrations of 0, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 mg As/kg soil dry weight
The measured total As concentrations found in the soil samples agreed well with the nominal concentrations.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: JX red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

640 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: JX red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

580 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: JX red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: GD red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

640 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: GD red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

531 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: GD red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

160 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HUN paddy soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HUN paddy soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

487 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HUN paddy soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

80 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: AH yellow-brown soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

160 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: AH yellow-brown soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

366 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: AH yellow-brown soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

160 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HLJ black soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HLJ black soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

304 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HLJ black soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

80 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: YN yellowish-red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

160 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: YN yellowish-red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

195 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: YN yellowish-red soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

<= 40 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: CQ purple soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

113 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: CQ purple soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

40 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: SX loessal soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

80 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: SX loessal soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

95 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As(total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: SX loessal soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

40 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HN fluvoaquic soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

80 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HN fluvoaquic soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

83 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HN fluvoaquic soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

20 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: XJ gray desert soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

40 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: XJ gray desert soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

67 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: XJ gray desert soil

Remarks:

150 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: JX red soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

640 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: JX red soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

284 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: JX red soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

160 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HLJ black soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HLJ black soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

187 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: HLJ black soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

<= 40 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: CQ purple soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

74 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: CQ purple soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

20 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: XJ gray desert soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

40 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: XJ gray desert soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

50 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (total concentration)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: XJ gray desert soil

Remarks:

15 d aging

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not available

Reported statistics and error estimates:

EC50 calculated by the logistic sigmoidal nonlinear model
NOEC & LOEC: significant differences derived with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p < 0.05)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Nine reliable 28-d NOEC values for soils aged for 150 days after spiking ranged between 20 and 320 mg As/kg soil (based on added As concentration in soil).
The 28-d EC50 for the toxicity of As to the reproduction of springtail in ten soils aged for 150 d ranged between 67 and 580 mg As/kg soil dry weight.
Compared to soils aged for only 15 d, these concentrations inhibiting 50% reproduction were 1.3- to 2.0-fold higher.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)

Version / remarks:

Folsomia candida

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 232 (Collembolan Reproduction Test in Soil)

Version / remarks:

Folsomia candida

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Application method:

soil

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Na2HAsO4.7H2O

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Remarks:

background concentration and confirmation of nominal concentrations

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

Test substance added as aqueous solution and mixed with soil

Test organisms (species):

Folsomia candida

Animal group:

Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

28 d

Remarks:

7 days equilibration after spiking prior to testing

Test temperature:

20

pH (if soil or dung study):

LUFA 2.2 - Dystric Cambisol: 5.6
Refesol 05-G: 5.2
Refesol 06-A: 7.3
Ter Munck - Haplic Luvisol: 5.7
Woburn - Dystric Cambisol: 6.0
Zegveld - Histosol: 4.8

Humidity:

LUFA 2.2 - Dystric Cambisol: 50% of WHC
Refesol 05-G: 40% of WHC
Refesol 06-A: 45% of WHC
Ter Munck - Haplic Luvisol: 50% of WHC
Woburn - Dystric Cambisol: 45% of WHC
Zegveld - Histosol: 50% of WHC

Photoperiod and lighting:

16 h day with a light intensity of 400 - 800 lux
8 h night

Details on test conditions:

At the beginning of the test (day 0) 8 – 10 mg dry yeast was added to each test vessel.
The vessels were covered with perforated Parafilm to allow air exchange and then weighted.
Weight losses were documented on a weekly basis (day 7, 14, and 21) and compensated if necessary.
At day 14, test animals were fed again with 8 – 10 mg dry yeast.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal:
LUFA 2.2 - Dystric Cambisol: 0, 5.6, 10, 17.8, 31.6, 56.2, and 100 mg As/kg soil dry weight
Refesol 05-G: 0, 100, 178, 316, 562, and 1000 mg As/kg soil dry weight
Refesol 06-A: 0, 100, 178, 316, 562, and 1000 mg As/kg soil dry weight
Ter Munck - Haplic Luvisol: 0, 10, 17.8, 31.6, 56.2, and 100 mg As/kg soil dry weight
Woburn - Dystric Cambisol: 0, 100, 178, 316, 562, and 1000 mg As/kg soil dry weight
Zegveld - Histosol: 0, 100, 178, 316, 562, and 1000 mg As/kg soil dry weight

Measured As concentrations are within 20% of nominal values.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

32.2 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: LUFA 2.2

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

31.6 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: LUFA 2.2

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

56.2 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: LUFA 2.2

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

51 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: LUFA 2.2

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

129.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 05-G

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

178 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 05-G

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

316 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 05-G

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

285 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 05-G

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

147.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 06-A

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

178 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 06-A

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

316 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 06-A

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

344.3 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Refesol 06-A

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

36.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Ter Munck

Remarks:

Haplic Luvisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

56.2 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Ter Munck

Remarks:

Haplic Luvisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Ter Munck

Remarks:

Haplic Luvisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

80.9 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Ter Munck

Remarks:

Haplic Luvisol

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

103.7 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Woburn

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Woburn

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

178 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Woburn

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

230.5 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Woburn

Remarks:

Dystric Cambisol

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

252 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Zegveld

Remarks:

Histosol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

562 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Zegveld

Remarks:

Histosol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Zegveld

Remarks:

Histosol

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

678.2 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

As (added dose)

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Remarks on result:

other: Zegveld

Remarks:

Histosol

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not available

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Normality of the data:
checked with Kolmogorov-Smirnov or Shapiro-Wilk's test

Variance homogeneity of the data:
Levene's or Cochran test

NOEC and LOEC:
- In case data of normal distribution, homoscedasticity and a monotone dose-response relationship: Williams' Multiple Sequential t-test
- In case of normal distribution and variance heterogeneinty: one-sided Welch's t-test
- In case of normal distribution and homoscedasticity, but absence of a monotone relationship: Dunnett's t-test
- In case data were not normally distributed, but homoscedastic: Jonckheere-Terpstra test
- In case data were not normally distributed and heteroscedastic: Bonferroni U-test
- In case data were not normally distributed and the dose-response relationship was not monotone: Bonferroni Median test
(α = 0.05)

ECx values were determined with both linear and non-linear regression models
It was checked for the best fit (R2, Chi2, AIC) after performing an F-test to control significance of the dose response relationship

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 28-d EC10 for the effect of arsenic to the reproduction of Eisenia fetida in six different soils ranged between 32.2 and 252.0 mg As/kg soil dry weight (based on added As concentrations in soil).

Description of key information

Fifteen reliable EC₁₀ or NOEC values for chronic arsenic toxicity to reproduction of Folsomia candida were retrieved from 2 different studies. All data were derived from soils amended with disodium hydrogen arsenate salts. The reliable NOEC and EC₁₀ values range between 20.0 and 320 mg As/kg dw, expressed based on added elemental As concentrations in soil. All reliable NOEC and EC₁₀ values were taken forward to the derivation of the PNEC according to the statistical extrapolation approach.