Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 202-708-7 | CAS number: 98-86-2
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Information on the toxicokinetics of acetophenone is limited to the identification of metabolites excreted in urine without a comprehensive quantitative investigation of excretion. There are no further data available, e.g. on dermal absorption, or data from human experience, or to make conclusionson the potential for bioaccumulation.
Products of the biotransformation of acetophenone were identified in urine of rabbits and rats after i.p. injection of acetophenone or ethylbenzene, which is metabolised to acetophenone. Main products in urine are mandelic acid and benzoic acid (together ca. 50% of the metabolites of ethylbenzene in urine) followed by phenylglyoxalic acid and omega-hydroxyacetophenone (together 15% of the metabolites of ethylbenzene in urine) (Engström, 1984). In the course of the formation of benzoic acid, the14C-labeled methyl group of acetophenone is oxidized and eliminated via exhalation of CO2 reaching an amount of 30 % of the available14C within 13 hrs p.a.(Sullivan et al., 1976). 1-Phenylethanol, phenylglyoxal, 1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol, p-hydroxyacetophenone, and m-hydroxyacetophenone were identified as minor metabolites amounting in total to less than 10 % of the metabolites of ethylbenzene in urine (Engström, 1984; Kiese and Lenk, 1974). These metabolites are partly excreted as conjugates, as e.g. the glucuronic acid conjugate of 1-phenylethanol, the glycine conjugate yielding hippuric acid, and as sulfate conjugates. Unchanged acetophenone in urine amounted to ca. 0.01 % (Kiese and Lenk, 1974). In vitro, cytosol from liver, kidney, heart and lungs was involved in the reduction of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol. The rate of reduction in liver microsomes reached 10% of the rate in liver cytosol, only (Leibman, 1971).
A diagram of the suggested metabolism pathways is included in the following endpoint study record (see: WoE.Basic toxicokinetics: metabolites in urine.Engström_1984).
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