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EC number: 202-715-5 | CAS number: 98-94-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- December 1987 to September 1989
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Similar to guideline study; GLP. Exposure was only two weeks.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Groups of 5 male and five female rats were exposed to 0, 5, 20 or 75 ppm nominal concentrations by whole body exposure in 1000 L inhalation chambers. The actual atmosphere concentrationswere determined analytically on three occasions and the mean exposures were calculated to be 0, 0.026, 0.104 and 0.389 mg/L. The rats were exposed to DMCHA for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week and had a total of 9 exposures on days 1-5 and 8-11.
Blood samples were collected, ophthalmic examinations completed after initial exposure, clinical signs recorded daily and bodyweights recorded regularly.
The study duration was shorter than normal for a guideline subacute study but the ocal effects of exposure to DMCHA were detectable in the study results - GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cyclohexyldimethylamine
- EC Number:
- 202-715-5
- EC Name:
- Cyclohexyldimethylamine
- Cas Number:
- 98-94-2
- Molecular formula:
- C8H17N
- IUPAC Name:
- N,N-dimethylcyclohexanamine
- Details on test material:
-
- Name of test material (as cited in study report):cyclohexyldimethylamine
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): C6H11N(CH3)2
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): 127 daltons
- Physical state: colourless to straw coloured liquid
- Analytical purity: 99.67%
-Impurity: 2-methylcyclopentanol present at concentation of 0.12%
-Vapour pressure: 9.8 mm Hg at 38°C
- Lot/batch No.: 03230EM
- Stability under test conditions: No data
- Storage condition of test material: No data
- Other: CAS 98-94-2
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Species, strain: Fischer 344 rats
- Source: Charles River Breeding Laboratories, Inc., Kingston, NY
- Age at study initiation: 6 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: males 179±9 g, females 115±6 g
- Fasting period before study: Not applicable
- Housing:
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad lib. Purina Certified Rodent Chow #5002
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad lib.
- Acclimation period: two weeks
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): standard laboratory environmental conditions
- Humidity (%):standard laboratory environmental conditions
- Air changes (per hr):standard laboratory environmental conditions
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):standard laboratory environmental conditions
- Air changes: 12/hour
IN-LIFE DATES: From: To: Not stated, study commenced in December 1987
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- clean air
- Remarks on MMAD:
- MMAD / GSD: Not applicable for vaporised liquid
- Details on inhalation exposure:
-
GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: Animals were exposed in a 1000 L stainless steel and glass chamber by whole body exposure (dimensions 90x 90x 90 cm with pyrimidal top and bottom).
- Method of holding animals in test chamber:
- Source and rate of air: Compressed heated air was passed through the J-tube to volatilise the DMCHA awhich was also metered into the J-tube as a liquid. The dynamic airflow in the chamber was maintained at approximately 200L/min
- Method of conditioning air: Compressed air was heated with a flameless torch.
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: Recorded after each 6 hour exposure and maintained to provide a chamber temperature of circa 22°C
- Air flow rate: 200L/min
- Air change rate: 12/hour
- Method of particle size determination: analytical concentration of DMCHA in the test atmosphere was determined at least 3x per exposure by gas chromatography
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: gas chromatography
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes - also used to determine chamber distribution. Results indicated variation for concentration was within 16% of nominal reference values - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- - Measurement of chamber concentrations by gas chromatography
- nominal concentrations were calculated based on the amount of test material used and the airflow through the chamber
- Sampling times: at least 3 times per exposure period - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 9 days, Exposures were conducted on test days 1-5 and 8-11
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6 hours/day, 5 days/week
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 0 mg/m³ air (analytical)
- Dose / conc.:
- 104 mg/m³ air (analytical)
- Dose / conc.:
- 389 mg/m³ air (analytical)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5/sex/dose
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- Post-exposure period: Rats were subject tto necropsy on the day following the last exposure (Day 12)
- Dose selection rationale: The repeated adinistration dose concentrations were based on the results of acute investigations completed by the same investigators. Results f the acute study are also presented in the report
- Rationale for animal assignment (if not random): Random - Positive control:
- Not applicable
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS AND FREQUENCY:
- Clinical signs and mortality: daily after exposure for overt signs of toxicity or changes in demeanor.
- Body weight: at day 1, 3, 5, 8 and 11.
- Ophthalmoscopic examination: All eyes were examined prior to the initial exposure to DMCHA (the acute study resulted in irrreversible corneal opacity) but there are no recordeds of specific ocular examintions for the remainder of the study.
- Behavioural effects: daily assessments for signs of toxicity, behavioural change or CNS effects
-Food and water consumptions were visually assessed
Terminal blood samples were obtained for haematology and clinical pathology investigations (see pathology). Urinesamples were collected prior to the last exposure period and assessed for coour, appearance and standard urinary parameters (including bilirubin, glucose, ketones, blood, ph, protein and urobilinogen, specific gravity) - Sacrifice and pathology:
- Terminal blood samples were obtained from the orbital sinus.
- Haematology: Haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (HGB), erythrocyte (RBC), total leukocyte (WBC) and platelet (PLAT) counts.
- Biochemistry: nitrogen (UN), alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST), alkaline phosphatase activity (AP), glucose (GLUC), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLOB), cholesterol (CHOL) and triglycerides (TRIG).
- Urinalysis: immediately prior to the last exposure; bilirubin, glucose, ketones, blood, pH, protein, urobilinogen and specific gravity
ORGANS EXAMINED AT NECROPSY (MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC):
- Organ weights: brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys and testes
- Macroscopic: adrenals, aorta, auditory sebaceous glands, bone (marrow), brain, cecum, cervix, coagulating glands, colon, duodenum, epididymis, oesophagus, eyes, gross lesions, heart, ileum, jejunum, kidneys, lacrimal glands, larynx, liver, lungs, mammary gland, mediastinal lymph node, mediastinal tissues, mesenteric tissues, nasal tissues, oral tissues, ovaries, oviducts, pancreas, parathyroid glands, peripheral nerve, pituitary, prostate, rectum, salivary glands, seminal vesicles, skeletal muscle, skin, spinal cord, spleen, stomach, testes, thymus, thyroid gland, tongue, trachea, urinary bladder, uterus, vagina
- Microscopic: same as macroscopic except auditory sebaceous glands - Other examinations:
- No further information
- Statistics:
- Descripive statistics for chamber concentrations, temperature, relative humidity and white blood cell counts.
Bartlett's test (equality of variance); ANOVA; Dunnett's test
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not examined
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Urinalysis findings:
- no effects observed
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not examined
- Details on results:
- OBSERVATIONS
-no mortalities occurred
- Clinical signs: no overt signs of toxicity or changes in demeanor were observed.
- Body weight gain: body weights of male and female rats were statistically decreased from control values for all dose groups. Only the decreases in the 104 and 389 mg/m3 groups (males: 10% and 25% of control, respectively; females: 33% and 52% of control, respectively) were considered exposure-related. No effects on bodyweight were recorded forthe low dose concentration group
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY:
- Haematology: at 389 mg/m3 significantly decreased white blood cell counts in both sexes, but this was not considered toxicologically significant nor exposure related (due to the variability of this parameter in the historical controls and the similarity of historical control and the high concentration numbers);
- Clinical chemistry: the following parameters were significantly deceased from control values, but were not considered to be toxicologically significant: total protein and alkaline phosphatase activity (at 26 and 389 mg/m3), globulin (at 26 mg/m3) and albumin (389 mg/m3)
- Urinalysis: no exposure-related effects were observed for anyof the urinary parameters evaluated
NECROPSY FINDINGS:
- Organ weights: at 26 mg/m3 significantly decreased absolute and relative heart weights in both sexes (not considered exposure-related, no dose response relationship); at 389 mg/m3 increased relative kidney weights in both sexes: 2% in males and 7% in females (of questionable significance, not accompanied by changes in urinalysis, serum nitrogen or histopathologic changes in the kidney)
- Gross pathology: no exposure related effects
- Histopathology: at 389 mg/m3 hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the nasal cavity in 3 males and 1 female
Effect levels
open allclose all
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 104 mg/m³ air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: based on effects on the nasal respiratory mucosa (local effect).
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect level:
- 26 mg/m³ air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: Absence of effects on body weight.
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
ANALYSES:
- Actual dose level: The nominal and analytical
concentrations were in close agreement at all exposure
levels.
- Stability: acceptable
- Homogeneity: The concentration from each sample point was
within 16% of the reference point. The average of the sample
point values was within 5% of the reference point values.
In an acute inhalation investigation rats were exposed to a single 6 -hour exposure to DMCHA at concentrations of 88, 320 or 1120 ppm. All rats in the high dose group died within 2.5 hours with antecedent signs of laboured respiration and tremors. In the lower dose groups the surviving rats had lower bodyweights initially but showed good recovery. The primary effect observed was aan ophthalmic lesion - although the iris and retina were overtly unaffected, the animals developed irreversible corneal opacities. Microscopically there effects on the cornea - slight to severe opacity, inflammation and some corneal neovascularisation. The lowest dose 88 ppm resulted in only slight transient eye irrition.
In the repeated administration study, concentrations of 2, 20 or 75 ppm were used. Although the eyes were examined prior to exposure, there are no indications that the high dose concentration, 75 ppm, elicited any of the corneal effcts observed in the acute study.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Local nasal epithelial irritation, evident microscopically as hyperplasia and hypertrophy, was the primary effect of toxicological significance following repeated exposure to a DMCHA atmosphere. No signs of systemic effects were noted in life at concentrations up to 104 mg/m3. Under the conditions of this study the test substance does not require classification according to Regulation EC No. 1272/20008 or Directive 67/548/EEC.
- Executive summary:
In a study conducted by Nitschke and Johnson (1989), the test substance, DMCHA was tested for its ability to cause toxicity when administered via whole body inhalation. The test substance was administered to male and female Fischer 344 rats at concentrations of 0, 5, 20 or 75 ppm (equivalent to 0, 0.026, 0.104 or 0.389 mg/l) for 6 hours per day, 5 days a week for 9 exposures (test days 1 - 5 and 8 - 11). All test animals were observed daily after exposure for overt signs of toxicity or changes in demeanour. All animals were weighed on test days 1, 3, 5, 8 and 11. Animals were necropsied on the day following the last exposure and blood samples were obtained for haematologic and clinical chemistry determinations.
Slight decreases in mean body weights of male and female rats exposed to 75ppm and female rats exposed to 20ppm were observed. Slight hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the nasal respiratory mucosa was observed in four out of 10 rats exposed to 75ppm test concentration. Based on these results, the NOAEC was determined to be 104 mg/m3.
Under the conditions of this study the test substance does not require classification according to Regulation EC No. 1272/20008 or Directive 67/548/EEC.
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