Undec-10-enal

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Stability:

Hydrolysis:

According to annex VII column 2 the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is readily biodegradable.

Biodegradation:

Biodegradation in water:

Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2018) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test chemical in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that test chemical is expected to be readily biodegradable

Biodegradation in water and sediment:

Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2018) prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test chemical. If released in to the environment, 26.9 % of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of test chemical in water is estimated to be 15 days (360 hrs). The half-life ( 15  days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is low whereas the half-life period of test chemical in sediment is estimated to be 135 days (3240 hrs). However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 1% (i.e, reported as 0.177%), indicates that test chemical is not persistent in sediment.

Biodegradation in soil:

The half-life period of test chemical in soil was estimated using Level III Fugacity Model by EPI Suite version 4.1 estimation database (EPI suite, 2018). If released into the environment,  72 % of the chemical will partition into soil according to the Mackay fugacity model level III. The half-life period of test chemical in soil is estimated to be 30  days (720 hrs). Based on this half-life value of test chemical, it is concluded that the chemical is not persistent in the soil environment and the exposure risk to soil dwelling animals is low.

Bioaccumulation:

Bioaccumulation: aquatic/sediments:

Using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite (2018) the estimated bio concentration factor (BCF) for test chemical is10.22L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg. c which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000. Therefore it is concluded that test chemical s nonbioaccumulative in food chain.

Transport and distribution:

Adsorption/desorption:

The Adsorption Coefficient of test substance was determined as per the HPLC method (OECD Guideline-121). The Log Koc value was determined to be 4.672 ± 0.008 at 25°C. Thus based on the result it is concluded that the test substance has a very strong  sorption to soil and sediment and therefore has negligible migration potential to ground water.

Additional information

Stability:

Hydrolysis:

According to annex VII column 2 the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is readily biodegradable.

Biodegradation:

Biodegradation in water:

Predicted data study for target chemical and experimental studies for its structurally similar read across chemical have been conducted for biodegradation in water endpoint and their results are summarized below.

In first study the prediction was done by using Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2018) to predict the biodegradation potential of the test chemical in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that test chemical is expected to be readily biodegradable.

Next study was experimental study reviwed from authoritative database ( J check) in this study the biodegradation experiment was conducted for 14 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test chemical. The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I) under aerobic conditions. Activated sludge was used as a test inoculums for the study. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The percentage degradation of test chemical was determined to be 88.4% and 100% by BOD and GC parameter in 14 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, test chemical is considered to be readily biodegradable in water.

Another study was also reviewed from authoritative database ( J checck) in this study the test chemical was subjected to biodegradation test by taking activated sludge as inoculums at 30 mg/L concentration. Biodegradation was analysed by using two parameters namely BOD and GC. The initial concentration of test chemical was 100 mg/L.The test chemical showed 52 % biodegradability by BOD parameter and 73 % by GC parameter by using activated sludge as inoculum in 28 days. On the basis of percent biodegradability it is concluded that test chemical is readily biodegradable.

By considering results of all above mentioned studies it is concluded that test chemical is redaily biodegradable in water

Biodegradation in water and sediment:

Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2018) prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test chemical. If released in to the environment, 26.9 % of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of test chemical in water is estimated to be 15 days (360 hrs). The half-life ( 15  days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is low whereas the half-life period of test chemical in sediment is estimated to be 135 days (3240 hrs). However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 1% (i.e, reported as 0.177%), indicates that test chemical is not persistent in sediment.

Biodegradation in soil:

The half-life period of test chemical in soil was estimated using Level III Fugacity Model by EPI Suite version 4.1 estimation database (EPI suite, 2018). If released into the environment,  72 % of the chemical will partition into soil according to the Mackay fugacity model level III. The half-life period of test chemical in soil is estimated to be 30  days (720 hrs). Based on this half-life value of test chemical, it is concluded that the chemical is not persistent in the soil environment and the exposure risk to soil dwelling animals is low.

Bioaccumulation:

Bioaccumulation: aquatic/sediments:

Predicted data study for target chemical and experimental studies for its structurally similar read across chemical have been conducted for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms endpoint and their results are summarized below.

In first study prediction was done by using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite (2018) in this study the bio concentration factor (BCF) for test chemical estimated to be 10.22L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg. c which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000. Therefore it is concluded that test chemical s non-bioaccumulative in food chain.

Next study was experimental study reviewed from authoritative database (HSDB) in this study the bioaccumulation study in fish was conducted for estimating the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical. The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a log Kow of 5.70 and a regression-derived equation. The estimated BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical was determined to be 488 dimensionless.

Another study was also experimental study reviewed from authoritative database (HSDB) in this study the bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a log Kow of 4.57 and a regression-derived equation. The estimated BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical was determined to be 660 dimensionless.

Last study was also experimental study reviewed from authoritative database (HSDB) in this study the bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a log Kow of 5.82 and a regression-derived equation. The estimated BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical was determined to be 600 dimensionless.

By considering results of all above mentioned studies it is concluded that BCF value of test chemical can be in range of 10.22 to 660 dimensionless which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the test chemical is considered to be non-bioaccumulative in aquatic organisms.

Transport and distribution:

Adsorption/desorption:

The adsorption coefficient Koc in soil and in sewage sludge of test chemical was determined by the Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method according to OECD Guideline No. 121 for testing of Chemicals. The solutions of the test substance and reference substances were prepared in appropriate solvents.A test item solution was prepared by accurately weighing 50 mg of test item and diluted with mobile phase up to 100ml. Thus, the test solution concentration was 500 mg/l. The pH of test substance was 6.19.

Each of the reference substance and test substance were analysed by HPLC at 210 nm. After equilibration of the HPLC system, Urea was injected first, the reference substances were injected in duplicate, followed by the test chemical solution in duplicate. Reference substances were injected again after test sample, no change in retention time of reference substances was observed. Retention time tR were measured, averaged and the decimal logarithms of the capacity factors k were calculated. The graph was plotted between log Koc versus log k(Annex - 2).The linear regression parameter of the relationship log Koc vs log k were also calculated from the data obtained with calibration samples and therewith, log Koc of the test substance was determined from its measured capacity factor. The reference substances2, 3 Dichloroaniline,Benzophenone,1, 4 Dichlorobenzene, Naphthalene, Benzyl benzoate, 1, 2, 4 Trichlorobenzene, N butylbenzene, 2, 6 Diphenylpyridine having Pow value ranging from 2.8 to 4.9

The Log Koc value of test chemical was determined to be4.672 ± 0.008dimensionless at 25°C.This log Koc value indicates that the substance has a very strong sorption to soil and sediment and therefore has negligible migration potential to ground water.