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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1977
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Limit test:
no
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
LC0
Effect conc.:
5 970 mg/L
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
7 000 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: LC50 = 5430 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1979
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
other: not stated
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
8 800 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 6830 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1983
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Guideline:
other: Dutch Standardisation Organisation (1980; NEN 6501, 6502, 6504 & 6506)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
no
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Test type:
static
Limit test:
no
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
14.1 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NOLC
Effect conc.:
10 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
7.5 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
5.2 g/L

Test result is equivalent to: LC50 = 10.9 g(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1988
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EPA OPP 72-2 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
no
Details on sampling:
Dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were measured and recorded daily in each test chamber.
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
Criteria Details
Source Well water
Alkalinity 224 – 336 ppm CaCO3
Hardness 206 – 275 ppm CaCO3
pH 7.6 – 8.4
Ca / Mg ratio Not stated
Na / K ratio Not stated
Oxygen content 7.4-9.1 ppm
Conductance 500 – 650 mhos/cm
Holding water different from dilution water No
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
Criteria Details
Strain Daphnia magna
Source Cultured at ABC facilities
Age < 24 hrs old
Breeding method Not stated
Kind of food Algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) supplemented with a suspension of Tetramin®, cereal leaved, vitamin solution and yeast
Amount of food Not stated
Feeding frequency At least every 3 days prior to the beginning of the test
Pretreatment Acclimation (period not stated)
Feeding of animals during test No
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
48 h
Post exposure observation period:
no details
Hardness:
206 – 275 ppm CaCO3
Test temperature:
19 degree C
pH:
7.6 – 8.4
Dissolved oxygen:
8.3-8.5 mg/L
Salinity:
not stated
Nominal and measured concentrations:
0, 100, 180, 320, 560, 1000 mg/L
Details on test conditions:
Criteria
Details
Renewal of test solution
No
Volume of test vessels
250 mL
Volume/animal
40 mL/daphnid
Number of animals/vessel
5 daphnids/vessel
Number of vessels/ concentration
1
Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of TS
No
Quality/Intensity of irradiation
50-70 foot candles
Photoperiod
16 h photoperiod daily
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
>= 1 000 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
>= 1 000 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Details on results:
No immobility was observed over the concentration range analysed
Results with reference substance (positive control):
no further details
Reported statistics and error estimates:
Statistical analysis of the concentration vs. effect data (immobility for this study) was attempted by employing a computerised LC50 (EC50) program developed by Stephan et al. This program calculated the EC50 statistic and its 95 percent confidence limits using the binomial, the moving average and the probit tests if data permitted. However if no immobility occurred or if a dose response could not be demonstrated over a reasonable range (<37% to >63%) an EC50 and/or its 95 percent confidence limits could not be calculated.

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 >776 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
The acute toxicity of Daphnia magna over 48 h under static conditions with 5 concentrations of test substance according to US EPA-FIFRA, guideline 72-2.
No immobility or other abnormal effects were observed in any of the dose groups. Therefore the 48 h EC50 is >1000 mg/L sodium bromide. A 95% confidence interval could not be established due to the lack of immobility/adverse effects seen at any of the doses used.
The 48 h NOEC was 1000 mg/L sodium bromide.
See validity criteria summarized in table A7_4_1_1(4)-7. Validity criteria are not completely fulfilled.
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1995
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Test type:
static
Limit test:
no
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
8.9 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 6.9 g(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1946
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Guideline:
other:
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Test type:
other: not stated
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
other: Toxicity threshold
Effect conc.:
8 200 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: 6360 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1991
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Test type:
flow-through
Limit test:
no
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
6.7 - 9.3 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal

Six clonal variants of Daphnia magna were investigated. The EC50 values  varied from 6.7 to 9.3 g/L.

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 5.2 - 7.2 g(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
2005
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
no
Test organisms (species):
Artemia salina
Test type:
static
Limit test:
no
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
42.42 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 32.92 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1986
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Guideline:
other:
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Test type:
other:
Limit test:
no
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
14 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 10940 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1989
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
no
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
7 219 mg/L
Conc. based on:
other: Bromide ions

Results are given as mg (Br-)/L
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1991
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Test type:
not specified
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
11 000 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 8540 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1991
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Guideline:
other: E01-03:no data
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
other: Hydra oligactis
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
5 600 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 4350 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Description of key information

Sodium bromide is not considered toxic to invertebrates based on the LC50 value of >1000 mg/L. The no-effect concentration was established as 1000 mg/L for sodium bromide.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect concentration:
> 1 000 mg/L

Additional information

Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Sodium bromide is not considered toxic to invertebrates based on the LC50value of >1000 mg/L found in a study on Daphnia magna performed to the requirements of EPA OPP 72-2. The no-effect concentration was established as 1000 mg/L for sodium bromide.