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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Reference
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
2012-08-16 - 2012-09-13
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Boiling point: 107 °C
- Water solubility (under test conditions): > 1000 g/L
- pH 12-14
The production method yields the substance in an approximately 50% aqueous solution with a content of sodium hydroxide.
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
sewage, domestic (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Usserød, Denmark, wihich predominantly receives domestic sewage
Duration of test (contact time):
>= 28 d
Initial conc.:
5 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
The study was performed with aerobic activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (Usserød, Denmark). The necessary volume of the test medium with minerals was prepared. The medium was aerated to an initial concentration of approx. 9 mg O²/l and inoculated with 0.5 ml secondary effluent/l
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
1.5
Sampling time:
7 d
Remarks on result:
other: Test product
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
1.3
Sampling time:
14 d
Remarks on result:
other: Test product
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
1.9
Sampling time:
21 d
Remarks on result:
other: Test product
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
0.4
Sampling time:
28 d
Remarks on result:
other: Test product
Key result
Parameter:
COD
Value:
260 other: mg/l

Biodegradation of test substance and reference substance tested seperately and in combination. (average of triplicate values)

 Time(days)  Test product "Danafloat TM 245 (IBP1 -Na) (% of ThOD)  Activity control (sodium benzoate) (% of ThOD)  Toxicity control "DanafloatTM 245 (IBP1 -Na)" + sodium benzoate (% of ThOD)
   Average Average  Average 
 7  1.5 65.2    27.3
 14  1.3  72.6  30.6
 21  1.9  76.9  29.7
 28  0.4  71.2  28.7
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
Oxygen consump. in inoculum control (28 d) = 0.56 mg O2/L (1.5 mg O2/L). Dif. between extreme replica at end of test = 4% (< 20%). BOD ref. sub.at 14 d = 72.6% of ThOD (> 60%). Test product not inhibitory to inoculum. Biodegra. = 30.6% of ThOD (> 25%)
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The substance was found to be not biodegradable under the test conditions within the 28-day exposure period.
Remark: the test solution contains NaOH due to the production method.
Executive summary:

Test substance was tested in a concentration of 5.0 mg/l and reference substance in a concentration of 2.0 mg/l.

The substance was found to be not biodegradable under the test conditions within the 28-day exposure period.

The oxygen consumption in the activity control showed that the activity of the inoculum was satisfactory.

In the toxicity control containing both the test substance and the reference item sodium benzoate no inhibitory effect on microorganisms in inoculum was observed.

In the procedure controls the reference item sodium benzoate was readily biodegraded by an average of 72.6 % within 14 days of exposure; thus confirming suitability of the activated sludge

Description of key information

The substance was found to be not readily biodegradable within the 28 -day exposure period (OEDC 301 D)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
not biodegradable
Type of water:
freshwater

Additional information

The breakdown of sodium O,O-diethyl dithiophosphate by four bacterial strains (Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium and Bacillus) isolated from contaminated metalworking fluids was shown to involve the successive formation of ethanol, aldehyde and orthophosphate.