1-bromopentane

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2009

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no deviations from standard test guidelines and no methodological deficiences, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results. The study report was conclusive, done to a valid guideline and the study was conducted under GLP conditions.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2009

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1-bromopentane

EC Number:

203-776-0

EC Name:

1-bromopentane

Cas Number:

110-53-2

Molecular formula:

C5H11Br

IUPAC Name:

1-bromopentane

Details on test material:

Description: clear colourless liquid
Storage conditions: room temperature in the dark
Purity: 99.4 %
Water content: 0.02 %

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

At the start of the study the animals were in the weight range 2.0 to 3.5 kg and were twelve to twenty weeks of age.
After an acclimatization period of at least five days each animal was given a number unique within the study by indelible ink-marking on the inner surface of the ear and the cage label.

The animals were individualy housed in suspended cages.
Free access to mains drinking water and food was allowed throughout the study. The diet, drinking water and bedding were routinely analysed and were considered not to contain any contaminants that would reasonably be expected to affect the purpose or integrity of the study.

The temperature and relative humidity were set to acheive limits of 17 to 23°C and 30 to 70 % respectively. Any occasional deviations from these targets were considered not to have affected the purpose or integrity of the study. The rate of air exchenge was at least fifteen changes per hour and the ligjting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light and twelve hours darkness.
The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain anay contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

other: The left eye served as control

Amount / concentration applied:

0.1 ml

Observation period (in vivo):

72 h

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3 rabbits

Details on study design:

Initially, a single rabbit was treated. A volume of 0.1 ml of the test material was placed into the conjonctival sac of the right eye, formed gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The upper and lower eyelids were held together for about one second immediately after treatment, to prevent loss of the test material, and then released. The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes. Immediately after administration of the test material, an assessment of the initial pain reaction was made.
After consideration of the ocular responses produced in the first treated animal, two additional animals were treated.
Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hourand 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment.
Any other ocular effects were also noted. Examination of the eye was facilitated by the use of the light source from a standard ophtalmoscope.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

maximum mean total score (MMTS)

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 1 hour

Score:

10.7

Max. score:

110

Reversibility:

not fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 1 hour

Score:

10.7

Max. score:

80

Reversibility:

not fully reversible within: 72 hours

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Moderate conjunctival irritation was noted in all treated eyes one hour after treatment with minimal conjunctival irritation noted at the 24-hour observation. Minimal conjunctival irritation was noted in one treated eye at the 48-hour observation.
Two treated eyes appeared normal at the 48-hour observation while the remaining treated eye appeared normal at the 72-hour observation.

Other effects:

All animals showed expected gain in bodyweight during the study.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

moderately irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

The test material produced a maximum group mean score of 10.7 and was classified as a mild irritant (class 4 on a 1 to 8 scale) to the rabbit eye according to a modified Kay and Calandra classification system.

Executive summary:

A single application of the test material to the non-irrigated eye of three rabbits produced moderate conjunctival irritation. Two treated eyes appeared normal at the 48-hour observation while the remaining treated eye appeared normal at the 72-hour observation.