1,1,1,3,3-pentachlorobutane

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP study in accordance to OECD GL

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2000

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1,1,1,3,3-pentachlorobutane

EC Number:

244-691-9

EC Name:

1,1,1,3,3-pentachlorobutane

Cas Number:

21981-33-9

Molecular formula:

C4H5Cl5

IUPAC Name:

1,1,1,3,3-pentachlorobutane

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): pentachlorobutane
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): same as submission substance
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): same as submission substance
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): same as submission substance
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): see Fig.
- Substance type: organic
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: 90%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations):
- Purity test date: 09/09/99
- Lot/batch No.: 99350L08
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 13/09/2000
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: at room temeprature in the dark

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Stock solution was prepared by adding 36 mg test substance to 0.5 g Chromosorb G (60-80 mesh) in a headspace vial to get a homogeneous solution in water. The vial was placed on a roller bank in a climate chamber at 20°C for 1 hour. Afterward, the content was transferred into a 320 ml flask completely filled with Elendt medium and closed with a screw cap and stored at room temperature for 3 days. The stock solution concentration was determined on the day of the test initiation to be 41.4 mg/l. The test solutions were prepared by consecutive dilutions.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water fleas
- Strain: Daphnia magna
- Source: Daphtoxkit F. magna (Bio International , the Netherlands)
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0-24 h
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD):
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): not reported
- Method of breeding: cultured in Elendt M4 medium in a climate chamber (20°C). 16 h light/day.
- Feeding during test
- Food type: Chlorella vulgaris
- Amount and frequency not stated

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

Standard Elent M4 medium

Test temperature:

20.4-21.2

pH:

7.9 at day 0, 7.5-7.6 at day 2

Dissolved oxygen:

8.4 mg/l at day 0, 8.5-8.6 at day 2

Salinity:

Standard Elent M4 medium

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- nominal concentrations: 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 mg/l
- measured concentrations (mean value): 0 (n.d.), 0.07, 0.26, 0.58, 1.3, 2.4 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Glass, no headspace, 320 ml
- Aeration: No
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): n/a
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): n/a
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10-12
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ultrapure water prepared by reversed osmosis, followed by anion, cation and mixed bed chromatography and filtered through 0.22 um cellulose filter
- Conductivity: < 4 uS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: No

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 1.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% confidence interval: 1.3-2.4 mg/l

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: 2 organisms lying on the bottom of the flask were observed at the NOEC (1.3 mg/l)
- Observations on body length and weight: n/a
- Other biological observations: no
- Mortality of control: No mortality or immobility observed
- Other adverse effects control: No
- Abnormal responses: No
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No

Any other information on results incl. tables

No immobility was observed in the control samples and up to 1.3 mg/l (measured conc.). 100% immobility was observed in the 3 samples at 2.4 mg/l (measured concentrations). A 48 hours EC50 was calculated by the geometric mean of the highest concentration without effect and the lowest concentrations with 100% immobility leading to a 48 -h EC50 of 1.8 mg/l.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The substance is classifiable as toxic to Daphnia