Ethanone, 2,2-dichloro-1-(2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin Irritation, rabbit: not irritating, OECD 404 (Mastrocco et al., 1986)
Eye Irritation, rabbit: not irritating, OECD 405 (Mastrocco et al., 1986)
Respiratory irritation: no data

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

14 January 1986 to 17 January 1986

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP compliant study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPP 81-5 (Acute Dermal Irritation)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

3 male and 3 female rabbits

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

water

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

0.5g of the test material.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

72 hours

Number of animals:

6

Details on study design:

Test material (0.5g) was applied to the shaved skin of 3 male and 3 female rabbits, moistened with water and covered by a gauze pad, which was held in place by a tape for 4 hours. Collars prevented the rabbits from ingesting the test article. After the exposure period the test article was removed with a moist paper towel. One hours after removal of the gauze pad and 24, 48 and 72 hours after the application of the test article the skin reaction was scored according to the Draize scheme

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: Not applicable - no reactions observed

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: Not applicable - no reactions observed.

Irritant / corrosive response data:

No signs of dermal irritation were noted at any observation time.

Other effects:

None.

No signs of dermal irritation were noted at the 1, 24, 48 or 72 hour time points.

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

No signs of dermal irritation were noted at the 1, 24, 48 or 72 hour time points and it was concluded that benoxacor was not irritant to the skin of rabbits.

Executive summary:

A single topical application of 0.5g of benoxacor to the shaved skin of six NZW rabbits under an occluded dressing resulted in no signs of dermal irritation at any of the assessment time points. It was concluded that benoxacor was not irritating to the skin of rabbits.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

18 February 1986 to 4 March 1986

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP compliant study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPP 81-4 (Acute Eye Irritation)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

4 male and 5 female rabbits

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

100 mg

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 hours

Observation period (in vivo):

14 days

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

9

Details on study design:

CGA154281 (100 mg) was instilled into the conjunctiva! sac of the right eye of 4 male and 5 female rabbits. The eye lids were gently held together for about one second to prevent the loss of material. The left eyes served as a control. The eyes of one male and two female rabbits were rinsed after 30 seconds with tap water for about 60 seconds. The eyes of the remaining rabbits were rinsed with water 24 hours after instillation. Elizabethan collars prevented the rabbits from removing the test article.
One, 24, 48 and 72 hours as well as 7 and 14 days after instillation of the test article the eyes were scored according to the Draize scheme. Additionally ophthal-mological examinations were made pre dose and after 1, 7, and 14 days.

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.22

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 14 days

Remarks on result:

other: not examined at 7 days

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.17

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 14 days

Remarks on result:

other: not examined at 7 days

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Remarks:

redness

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

1.61

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 28 days

Remarks on result:

other: still present in 2 of 6 rabbits at 14 days, not examined 21 days

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.94

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 14 days

Remarks on result:

other: not examined at 7 days

Irritant / corrosive response data:

When the eyes were rinsed after 30 seconds, only minor signs of ocular irritation, i.e. conjunctival redness up to score 2 and conjunctival chemosis up to score 1 were observed. No signs of irritation were recorded at the 48 hour investigation.
The eyes rinsed after 24 hours displayed slight cornea (score 1) and iris lesions (score 1). Moderate conjunctival redness (up to score 3) and chemosis (up to score 2) were recorded. Beside slight conjunctival redness (score 1) in one male and one female rabbit, no signs of ocular irritation were recorded at 14 days. Both affected rabbits were free of any findings by 28 days.
Additionally, ocular discharge (score 1) was observed in all rabbits 1 and 24 hours after instillation of the test material. Discharge was also noted in one female after 72 and 168 hours, however, this was not considered test-article related, since discharge was also detected in the untreated eye. This female was killed due to poor physical condition on test day 7.

Mean Draize scores of ocular irritation
	Cornea		Iris		Conjunctival  redness		Chemosis
Time
	rinsed	not rinsed	rinsed	not rinsed	rinsed	not rinsed	rinsed	not rinsed
1 h	0	0.33	0	0.17	1.33	2.00	0.67	1.00
24 h	0	0.17	0	0.33	1.00	2.00	0	1.33
48 h	0	0.33	0	0.17	0	1.67	0	1.00
72 h	0	0.17	0	0	0	1.17	0	0.50
14 days	0	0	0	0	0	0.33	0	0
28 days	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mean 24, 48, 72 h		0.22		0.17		1.61		0.94

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Although there were signs of irritation in the rabbit eye 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of benoxacor, these were fully reversible and were not of sufficient severity to warrant classification.

Executive summary:

A single dose of 100 mg was instilled into the conjunctival sac of the right eye of nine rabbits. The left eye remained untreated as a contralateral control.

Eyes of three of the treated animals were rinsed with tap water 30 seconds after instillation. Eyes of the remaining 6 rabbits were rinsed 24 hours after test substance instillation. Reactions were assessed using the standard Draize methods for ocular iirritation.

Data obtained when eyes were rinsed after 30 seconds are not relevant to the the assessment of benoxacor. When the eyes were rinsed after 24 hours, the mean scores for the 24-72 hour post-instilllation period form the basis for assessment of the need to classifiy the test material as an ocular irritant. In this study none of the mean scores and no two individual scores exceeded the threshold values for classification.

While benoxacor did induce some signs of ocular irritation the severity and duration of the reactions were insufficient to necessitate classification.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Guideline- and GLP-compliant studies on skin and eye irritation are available for benoxacor. Benoxacor has been tested in rabbits (Mastrocco et al., 1986). There was no evidence of skin irritation or corrosion in rabbits.

Data on benoxacor indicate that instillation of liquid test substance into the rabbit eye induced some evidence of irritation. Signs of eye irritation were fully reversible and were not of a severity that warrants classification and labelling (Mastrocco et al., 1986).

There is no information concerning respiratory irritation of benoxacor and no information on skin or eye irritation of benoxacor in humans.

Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
One reliable, GLP- and guideline-conform study available.

Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
One reliable, GLP- and guideline-conform study available.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The available data on skin corrosion/irritation are considered reliable and adequate for the classification and labelling. The data on benoxacor indicate that the test material produces no evidence of skin irritation or corrosion. Based on the result, the substance does not meet the criteria for classification under the Directive 2001/59/EC, Annex VI, 3.2.6.1 as well as the criteria in the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, Annex I, Part 3, 3.2.2, as amended by Regulation (EC) No. 286/2011.

The available data on eye irritation are considered reliable and suitable for classification and labelling. Although there is some evidence of eye irritation, this is fully reversible and the severity is not sufficient to warrant classification. Based on the results, the substance does not meet the criteria for classification under the Directive 2001/59/EC, Annex VI, 3.2.6.2 as well as the criteria in the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, Annex I, Part 3, 3.3.2, as amended by Regulation (EC) No. 286/2011.