6,6'-di-tert-butyl-4,4'-butylidenedi-m-cresol

Endpoint summary

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

basic toxicokinetics

Type of information:

other: Assessment of data available.

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

November 2012

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Assessment performed utilising all relevant data available.

Objective of study:

absorption

distribution

excretion

metabolism

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Assessment of relevant data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

A review has been undertaken utilising the relevant mammalian data available.

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

Conducted in compliance with ISO 9001 accreditation

Radiolabelling:

no

Species:

other: Not applicable

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

Not applicable

Route of administration:

other: Not applicable

Details on exposure:

Not applicable

Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:

Not applicable.

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
Not applicable

No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:

Not applicable

Details on study design:

Not applicable

Details on dosing and sampling:

Not applicable

Preliminary studies:

Not applicable

Type:

absorption

Results:

No evidence of absorption

Type:

distribution

Results:

No evidence to indicate distribution

Type:

metabolism

Results:

No definitive information about potential metabolism

Type:

excretion

Results:

Biotransformation of any absorbed substance is anticipated and the resulting metabolites could be eliminated either in urine or bile as well as faecal matter

Details on absorption:

Acute oral and dermal toxicity studies showed no treatment related effects and therefore provide no evidence of absorption by either route. In a repeated dose oral toxicity study, effects were observed with the livers of high dose animals, including increased organ weights, instances of hepatocellular hypertrophy, karyomegaly, multinucleated hepatocytes, increased mitoses and macrophages with distended cytoplasm were present in sinusoids and portal areas of livers from both sexes at the highest dose level. These observations coincided with slight changes to the serum chemistry parameters suggesting the liver as likely route or adsorption and metabolism of the substance. Exposure in both a screening reproductive toxicity test and developmental toxicity test indicates no effects to parent or F1 animals and no adverse effects were indicated by mutagenicity testing.

Details on distribution in tissues:

There is no experimental evidence to indicate distribution except, perhaps, to the liver in the repeated dose oral toxicity study. The Pow value obtained by testing may be suggestive of potential for accumulation, but bioaccumulation potential determined by QSAR suggests that accumulation is not a high concern.

Details on excretion:

There is no experimental evidence to indicate a route of excretion but the parent substance is not sufficiently water-soluble for elimination in its unchanged form in urine or bile, but may be eliminated in faecal matter. Biotransformation of any absorbed substance is, however, anticipated and the resulting metabolites could be eliminated either in urine or bile as well as faecal matter. As the parent substance is non-volatile and could not be eliminated via the lungs in expired air.

Details on metabolites:

The studies conducted provide no definitive information about potential metabolism, except the liver effects observed in the repeat dose are suggestive that biotransformation of any absorbed substance would be expected. The available mutagenicity data suggests that metabolism to genotoxic/ mutagenic metabolites is not a concern for this substance.

Conclusions:

The substance is a di cresol of molecular weight that does not preclude absorption. No specific predictions about toxicokinetic behaviour can be made from the chemical structure. The substance is a non-volatile powder of non-respirable particle size, so inhalation exposure is not anticipated. Non-enzymatic hydrolysis is unlikely so exposure to degradants is not applicable.

Executive summary:

The substance is a di cresol of molecular weight that does not preclude absorption.  No specific predictions about toxicokinetic behaviour can be made from the chemical structure.  The substance is a non-volatile powder of non-respirable particle size, so inhalation exposure is not anticipated.  Non-enzymatic hydrolysis is unlikely so exposure to degradants is not applicable.

 

Absorption:

Acute oral and dermal toxicity studies showed no treatment related effects and therefore provide no evidence of absorption by either route.  In a repeated dose oral toxicity study, effects were observed with the livers of high dose animals, including increased organ weights, instances of hepatocellular hypertrophy, karyomegaly, multinucleated hepatocytes, increased mitoses and macrophages with distended cytoplasm were present in sinusoids and portal areas of livers from both sexes at the highest dose level. These observations coincided with slight changes to the serum chemistry parameters suggesting the liver as likely route or adsorption and metabolism of the substance.  Exposure in a screening reproductive toxicity test and developmental toxicity test indicate no effects to parent or F1 animals and no adverse effects were indicated by mutagenicity testing.

 

Distribution:

There is no experimental evidence to indicate distribution except, perhaps, to the liver in the repeated dose oral toxicity study.  The Pow value obtained by testing may be suggestive of potential for accumulation, but bioaccumulation potential determined by QSAR suggests that accumulation is not a high concern.

 

Metabolism:

The studies conducted provide no definitive information about potential metabolism, except the liver effects observed in the repeat dose are suggestive that biotransformation of any absorbed substance would be expected. The available mutagenicity data suggests that metabolism to genotoxic/ mutagenic metabolites is not a concern for this substance.

 

Excretion:

There is no experimental evidence to indicate a route of excretion but the parent substance is not sufficiently water-soluble for elimination in its unchanged form in urine or bile, but may be eliminated in faecal matter. Biotransformation of any absorbed substance is, however, anticipated and the resulting metabolites could be eliminated either in urine or bile as well as faecal matter.  As the parent substance is non-volatile and could not be eliminated via the lungs in expired air.

Description of key information

A review has been undertaken utilising the relevant mammalian data available.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Bioaccumulation potential:

no bioaccumulation potential

Absorption rate - oral (%):

100

Absorption rate - dermal (%):

100

Absorption rate - inhalation (%):

100

Additional information

The substance is a di cresol of molecular weight that does not preclude absorption.  No specific predictions about toxicokinetic behaviour can be made from the chemical structure.  The substance is a non-volatile powder of non-respirable particle size, so inhalation exposure is not anticipated.  Non-enzymatic hydrolysis is unlikely so exposure to degradants is not applicable. Absorption rate is proposed as 100% for the purposes of worst case assesssment.